【正文】
o be friendly. It is not always a real invitation. If they’d like to set a specific (exact) time, that means a real offer.2 Family Structure (P83)l Chinese Familyl Filipinos Familyl Vietnamese Familyl Japanese Family (See Case 9 and Case 10)l Latin American FamilyCase 9 (Page 96)Traditional Japanese respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty toward them. The elders in traditional Japanese families are typically overpowered. So the grandfather seemed to be an absolute authority for the young chairman. In Japanese culture challenging or disagreeing with eilder’s opinions would be deemed as being disrespectful. That is why the young chairman said nothing but just nodded and agreed with his grandfather. And it results in the Japanese pany’s withdrawal from the negotiations concerning a relationship with Phil’s pany a week later.Case 10 (Page 97)In Japan, a pany is very much like a big family, in which the manager will take care of the employees and the employees are expected to cevote themselves to the development of the pany and, if it is necessary, to sacrifice their own interests for the interests of the pany. But to the French, a pany is just a looselyknit social organization wherein individuals are supposed to take care of themselves and their families. And the family is the number one priority, which is unlike the Japanese model “not involving females and the right to decide by dominant male”.Case 11 (Page 97)In most cultures, an apology is needed when an offence or violation of social norms has taken place. To many Westerners, Japanese apologize more frequently and an apology in Japanese does not necessarily mean that the person is acknowledging a fault. To many Japanese, Westeners may seem to be rude just because they do not apologize as often as the Japanese would do. In this case, the atitude of the Australian student’s parents is shocking the Japanese but will be acceptable in an Englishspeaking society, for the student is already an adult and can be responsible for her own deeds. Case 12 (Page 98)In this case, it seems that the Chinese expectation were not fulfilled. First, having two people sharing host responsibilities could be confusing to the , in China, it is a tradition for the host to offer a wele toast at the beginning of the meal. By not doing so, the Canadian might be thought rude. The abrupt departure of the Chinese from the banquet was probably an indication that they were not pleased with the way they were treated. The Canadians’ lack of understanding of the Chinese culture would be a problem in their dealing with the visiting delegation.5