【正文】 在吃飯，at the table在桌子旁邊。例如：The Greens are at table. 格林一家人在吃飯。Mr. Black is sitting at the table and reading a 。10. reach, arrive/get to 三者都有到達(dá)之意。reach是及物動詞，后直接加名詞，get和arrive是不及物動詞，不能直接加名詞，須借助于介詞。get to后加名詞地點(diǎn)，若跟副詞地點(diǎn)時，to去掉；arrive at +小地方，arrive in+大地方。如： Lucy got to the zoo before 8 o39。clock. 露西8點(diǎn)前到了動物園。 When did your parents arrive in Shanghai? 你父母何時到上海的？ It was late when I got home. 我到家時天色已晚。11. sick/ill 二者都是形容詞。當(dāng)“生病的，患病“之意時，ill只作表語，不作定語；而sick既可作表語也可作定語。sick有嘔吐，惡心的意思，只能作表語，而ill無此意。如： Li Lei was ill last week. (只作表語)李磊上周生病了。 He39。s a sick man. （作定語）他是病人。不能說成：He39。s an ill man. My grandfather was sick for a month last year. （作表語）我祖父去年病了一個 月。12. in time/on time in time是及時的意思，on time是準(zhǔn)時，按時。如：I didn39。t get to the bus stop in time. 我沒有及時趕上汽車。We39。ll finish our job on time. 我們要按時完成任務(wù)。13. may be/maybe It may be in your inside pocket. = Maybe it is in your inside pocket. 也許在你里邊的口袋里。第一句中may be是情態(tài)動詞+be 動詞構(gòu)成的謂語部分，意思是也許是，可能是；第二句中的maybe是副詞，意思是可能，常位于句首，不能位于句中，相當(dāng)于另一副詞perhaps。再如： Maybe you put it in that 。（不能說You maybe put itin that bag.）It may be a 。（不能說It maybe a hat. 或It maybe is a hat.）14. noise/ voice/ sound noise 指嘈雜聲，噪音大的吵雜聲。voice是指說話的聲音，嗓音，嗓子。sound是指耳朵能夠聽到的聲音、鬧聲等。它是表示聲音之意的最普通的字。有時還用作科學(xué)上的聲音。例如： Don39。t make so much noise! 別那么大聲喧嘩！ I didn39。t recognize John39。s voice on the telephone. 在電話里我聽不出約翰的聲 音。He spoke in a low voice. 他低聲說話。We heard a strange sound. 我們聽到了一種奇怪的聲音。Sound travels fast, but light travels faster. 聲音傳得快，但是光傳得更快。【考點(diǎn)掃描】中考考點(diǎn)在本單元主要集中在：1. 一般過去時；2. 反意疑問句的用法；3. 一般將來時；4. 感嘆句；5. 簡單句的五種基本句型；6. 情態(tài)動詞can, may和must, have to的用法；7. 時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句；8. 本單元學(xué)過的詞匯、短語和句型；9. 本單元學(xué)過的日常交際用語?？荚囆问娇梢允菃雾?xiàng)填空、完型天空、短文填空和完成句子。初二英語（下）【知識梳理】 I. 重點(diǎn)短語1. on time2. out of3. all by oneself4. lots of5. no longer6. get back7. sooner or later8. run away9. eat up10. take care of11. turn off 12. turn on13. after a while 14. make faces 15. teach oneself 16. fall off17. play the piano18. knock at19. to one39。s surprise 20. look up21. enjoy oneself 22. help yourself23. tell a story / stories24. leave....behind ……25. e along 26. hold a sports meeting 27. be neck and neck28. as ... as29. not so / as ... as30. do one39。s best31. take part in32. a moment late33. Bad luck!34. fall behind35. high jump36. long jump37. relay race38. well done!39. take off40. as usual41. a pair of42. at once43. hurry off44. e to oneself45. after a while46. knock on47. take care of48. at the moment49. set off50. here and there51. on watch52. look out53. take one’s placeII. 重要句型1. We’d better not do sth.2. leave one. oneself3. find one’s way to a place4. stand on one’s head5. make sb. Happy6. catch up with sb.7. pass on sth. to somebody8. spend time doing sth.9. go on doing sth.10. get on well with sb.11. be angry with sb.12. be fed up with sth.13. not…until…14. make room for sb.III. 交際用語1. We’re all by ourselves.2. I fell a little afraid.3. Don’t be afraid.4. Help!5. Can’t you hear anything?6. I can’t hear anything / anybody there.7. Maybe it’s a tiger.8. Let’s get it back before they eat the food.9. Did she learn all by herself?10. Could she swim when she was …years old?11. She didn’t hurt herself.12. He couldn’t buy himself many nice things.13. Did he enjoy himself?14. Help yourselves.15. Bad luck!16. Come on!17. Well done! Congratulations (to…)!18. It must be very interesting.19. I don’t think you’ll like it.20. It seems to be an interesting book.21. I’m sure (that)… I’m not sure if… I’m not sure what to…22. I hope so.23. What was he/she drawing when…?24. I’m sorry to trouble you.25. Would you please…?26. What were you doing at ten o’clock yesterday morning?27. You look tired today.28. You’d better go to bed early tonight, if you can.29. How kind!30. Let’s move the bag, or it may cause an accident.31. It’s really nice of you.32. Don’t mention it.33. Don’t crowd around him.IV. 重要語法1. 不定代詞/副詞的運(yùn)用； 2. 反身代詞的用法；3. 并列句；4. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級；5. 冠詞的用法；6. 動詞的過去進(jìn)行時；【名師講解】1. bring/takeBring表示“帶來、拿來”，指從別處朝說話人所在或?qū)⒃诘牡胤健皫?、拿來”。而take則表示“拿去、帶走”，它表示的方向與bring相反，指從說話人所在地“拿走、帶走”。如：Bring me the book, please. 把那本書給我拿來。Take some food to the old man. 給那位老人帶去些食物。2. somebody/ anybody/nobody 一般說來，somebody用于定句，anybody用于否定句、疑問句和條件狀語從句。例如： Somebody came to see you when you were out. 你出來時有人來見你。 Does anybody live on this island? 有人在這島上住嗎？ I didn39。t see anybody there. 我在那兒誰也沒看見。 Don39。t let anybody in. I39。m too busy to see anybody. 別讓任何人進(jìn)來。我太忙，誰也不想見。 There is nobody in the room. 房間里沒人。 Nobody told me that you were ill, so I didn39。t know about it . 誰也沒告訴我你病了。所以我不知道。 3. listen, listen to, hear這三個詞意思都是“聽”，但是它們的用法不完全相同。它們的區(qū)別在于：(1)listen 只用于不及物動詞，后面接人或人物做賓語，著重于“傾聽”，指的是有意識的動作，至于是否聽到，并非強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)。如：Listen! Someone is singing in the classroom. 聽！有人在教室唱歌。(2)listen to 為listen的及物形式，后面一定要接人或物做賓語，這里的to是介詞。如：Do you like listening to light music?你喜歡聽輕音樂嗎？(3)hear 可用作及物動詞，也可用作不及物動詞，意思是“聽到、聽見”，指用耳朵聽到了某個聲音，表示無意識的動作，著重于聽的能力和結(jié)果。如：We hear with our 。She listens but hears ，但是什么也沒有聽見。4. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little(1)many修飾可數(shù)名詞，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞；都表示許多。例如： He has many 。 He drank much 。(2)a few和a little都表示有一點(diǎn)兒，側(cè)重于肯定，相當(dāng)于some，但a few修飾可數(shù)名詞，a little修飾不可數(shù)名詞，例如：He has a few friends in 。Would you like some coffee? Yes, just a ？好的，只要一點(diǎn)。(3)few和little表示幾乎沒有，側(cè)重否定。few后接可數(shù)名詞，little后接不可數(shù)名詞。例如：He is a strange man. He has few ，他幾乎不說什么話。Hurry up, there is little time ，沒什么時間了。 5. either/ neither/ both either可作形容詞，一般指兩者中的任何一個。有時也可表示兩個都……的意思，后跟名詞的單數(shù)形式；neither: 指兩者中沒有一個，全否定；both: 指兩者都，肯定。句中可作主語、賓語和定語，both后面應(yīng)跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： Neither of the films is 。（沒有一部是好的） Either of the films is good. 兩部電影都不錯。（謂語動詞用單數(shù)） Both the teachers often answer the 。6. take part in/jointake part in參加某種活動。 join參加，加入某一政黨或組織。例如：Can you take part in my ？We