【正文】 T. Jefferson Henry VIII A. Lincoln Elizabeth I F. Roosevelt Charles I J. F. Kennedy… Oliver Cromwell… Holidays USA UK New Year39。s Day, Martin Luther King Day, Valentine39。s Day, Washington39。s Birthday, Easter, Mother39。s Day, Memorial Day, Father39。s Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Halloween, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day, Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day, Christmas Day Religious: Christmas, Boxing Day, Easter, Ramadan National: New Year39。s Day, Queen’s birthday Regional: Halloween, Hogmanay (Scotland), St Patrick’s Day (Northern Ireland) British literature Periods Features VIPs Works Renaissance Drama, vernacular Shakespeare, Milton Neoclassical enlightenment Defoe, Fielding, Swift Romantic Age of poetry and prose, nationalistic Wordsworth, Byron, Shelley, Keats, Austen Victorian Novel, Dickens, Bronte Sisters, Eliot, Hardy Modern Distorted, alienated, ill relation (mannature,… ) Shaw, Yeats, Eliot, Lawrence, Joyce American literature Periods Features VIPS Works Romantic American renaissance, imaginative amp。 emotional Irving, Emerson, Hawthorne, Whitman, Melville Realistic Age of reality, local colorism Twain, James, Dickinson, Dreiser Modern Second American renaissance, lost generation Pound, Frost, O’Neill, Fitzgerald, Hemingway, Faulkner Terms in literature General terms Terms in UK Terms in USA Steam of consciousness, Protagonist, Flashback, Foil, Motif, Son, Rhyme, Ballad, Alliteration Deconstruction Genre Humanism, Romanticism, Critical realism, Aestheticism, Art for art’s sake Puritanism, American Romanticism, Transcendentalism, American realism, Local colorism, Naturalism, Imagism Lost generation Baby boomer Nobel Prize in literature ? 1901 Sully Prudhomme ? 1907 Rudyard Kipling ? 1909 Selma Lagerl246。f ? 1930 Sinclair Lewis ? 1931 Erik Axel Karlfeldt ? 1938 Pearl Buck ? 1945 Gabriela Mistral ? 1986 Wole Soyinka ? 1993 Toni Morrison ? First NP of literature (Fr.) ? First NP of literature in UK ? First female NP of literature (Sw) ? First NP of literature in USA ? First NP of literature after his death (Sw.) ? First female NP of literature in USA ? First Latin American NP of literature (Chilly) ? First African NP of literature ? First female NP (black) of literature VIPs amp。 Honor ? Saussure ? Mark Twin ? Philp Freneau ? H. G. Wells ? Paul Cezanne ? Francis Bacon ? John Dewey ? William Wordsworth ? Geoffrey Chaucer ? William Tyndale ? Washington Irving ? father of modern linguistics ? Lincoln of American literature ? father of American poetry ? father of science fiction ? father of modern art ? father of modern science ? father of modern education ? Poet Laureate ? father of English literature ? father of English prose ? father of American literature General linguistics ? Phoics(語(yǔ)音學(xué) ): sound ? Phonology(音位學(xué) /音韻學(xué) ) : sound patterns ? Morphology(構(gòu)詞學(xué) ) : form of words ? Syntax(句法學(xué) ) : sentence structure ? Semantics(語(yǔ)義學(xué) ) : the meaning of language ? Lexicology (詞匯學(xué) ): the lexical ponent of language ? Pragmatics(語(yǔ)用學(xué) ): usage amp。 effects ? Rhetoric (修辭學(xué) ): figurative use of language ? Etymology (語(yǔ)源學(xué) ): origin and historical development ? Stylistics (文體學(xué) ): the use of elements of language style ? Dialectology (方言學(xué) ): dialects ? Glossematics (語(yǔ)符學(xué) ): symbols and signs in linguistics ? Alphabetography(字母學(xué) ): letters in different languages ? Lexicography(詞典學(xué) ) : how to pile a dictionary Applied linguistics ? Sociolinguistics (社會(huì)語(yǔ)言學(xué) ) ? Psycholinguistics (語(yǔ)言心理學(xué) ) ? Historical Linguistics (歷史語(yǔ)言學(xué) ) ? Anthropological linguistics (人文語(yǔ)言學(xué) ) ? Neurolinguistics (神經(jīng)語(yǔ)言學(xué) ) ? Mathematical linguistics (數(shù)學(xué)語(yǔ)言學(xué) ) ? Computational linguistics (計(jì)算語(yǔ)言學(xué) ) ? Language Teaching (語(yǔ)言教學(xué) ) ? Cosmo Linguistics (宇宙語(yǔ)言學(xué) ) ? Corpus linguistics (語(yǔ)料庫(kù)語(yǔ)言學(xué) ) Diagram of linguistics Six periods Philology Socrates, Plato, Aristotle Historical amp。 parative linguistics Humboldt Structural linguistics Saussure, Bloomfield Functional linguistics Halliday Transferred generative linguistics Chomsky, Fillmore TG, UG, LAD Cognitive linguistics Lakoff, Johnson, Langacker, Taylor ICM Language Features Arbitrariness, duality, creativity, displacement, hierarchy Perspectives Innate knowledge, fixed code, system, interaction Functions Referential, interpersonal, performative, emotive, phatic, recreational, metalingual Distinctions Descriptive /prescriptive。 synchronic /diachronic。 langue /parole。 petence /performance。 formalism /functionalism … Linguistic theories Theories Linguists Contents Semantic triangle Ogden amp。 Richards Speech act theory Austin CP H. Paul Grice Quantity, quality, relation, manner UG Chomsky PP Leech RT Sperber amp。 Wilson Culture amp。 geography ? 1. The majority of the current population in the UK are decedents of all the following tribes respectively EXCEPT ? A. the Anglos B. the Celts ? C. the Jutes D. the Saxons ? 2. The Head of State of Canada is represented by ? A. the Monarch B. the President ? C. the Prime Minister D. the Governorgeneral ? 3. The Declaration of Independence was written by ? A. Thomas Jefferson B. Gee Washington ? C. Alexander Hamilton D. James Madison ? 4. The original inhabitants of Australia were ? A. the Red Indians B. the Eskimos ? C. the Aborigines D. the Maoris ? 5. ______ is the capital city of Canada. A. Vancouver B. Ottawa C. Montreal D. York ? 6. In USA, the Congress is divided into two houses: the House of Representatives and _____. ? A. the Senate B. the Parliament C. the Assembly D. the Corps ? 7. The New