第十八章基因診斷與基因治療genediagnosis-資料下載頁
2025-08-01 13:28本頁面
【正文】 。 49 （二）基因治療有待解決的問題 難以獲得真正有治療作用的基因。 外源基因的表達難以在體內(nèi)精確調(diào)控。 體細胞經(jīng)體外培養(yǎng)后，其生物學(xué)特性會有 改變。 過多的外源蛋白對機體帶來可能的影響。 隨機整合潛在的威脅。 50 基因診斷與基因治療（課堂練習(xí)） 1. 核酸分子雜交主要內(nèi)容有 A. 制備核酸樣本 B. 制備與標記特異探針 C. 核酸樣本的分離、變性、轉(zhuǎn)移和固定 D. 預(yù)雜交、雜交和漂洗 E. 檢測雜交信號 2. 下列是常用核酸雜交方法的用途，錯誤的是 A. Southern 印跡雜交法可用于檢測特異 RNA序列片斷 B. Southern 印跡雜交法可用于檢測特異 DNA序列片斷 C. Northern印跡雜交法可用于檢測 DNA或 RNA D. Northern印跡雜交法可用于檢測 RNA E. 原位雜交法可用于檢測組織細胞中的 DNA或 RNA 51 3. 以下是關(guān)于 PCR技術(shù)的敘述，錯誤是 A. PCR技術(shù)進行體外 DNA擴增，其過程不同于體內(nèi) DNA復(fù)制過程 B. 需要目的 DNA兩條鏈為模板 C. 需 Taq 酶代替 DNA聚合酶 D. 需 RNA引物代替 DNA引物 E. PCR經(jīng)過 DNA變性、復(fù)性和延伸 3個步驟的反復(fù)循環(huán) 4. 基因診斷常用技術(shù)有 A. 核酸分子雜交 B. 聚合酶鏈反應(yīng) C. 基因芯片 D. 基因測序 E. 以上都可以 52 53 Eggs are coaxed to mature in a culture dish. Each has a remnant egg cell called the polar body and cumulus cells from the ovary clinging to it. 54 While an egg is held still with a pipette, a needle is used to drill through the zona pellucida, removing a plug. 55 After ejecting the zona plug, the needle is inserted back in the egg through the hole to withdraw and discard the polar body and the egg39。s geic material. 56 A cumulus cell from another egg is taken up into the needle. Cells called fibroblasts (or their nuclei) can also be used in this step. 57 The cumulus cell is injected deep into the egg that has been stripped of its geic material. 58 The injected egg is exposed to a mixture of chemicals and growth factors designed to activate it to divide. 59 After roughly 24 hours, the activated egg begins dividing. The cells contain geic material only from the injected cumulus cell. 60 By the fourth or fifth day, a hollow ball of roughly 100 cells has formed. It holds a clump of cells called the inner cell mass that contains stem cells. 61 The blastocyst is broken open, and the inner cell mass is grown in a culture dish to yield stem cells. 62 The stem cells, in turn, can be coaxed to grow into a variety of cells that might one day be injected into patients.
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