【正文】 rating 姓“資”還是姓“社” pertaining to socialism or capitalism。socialist orcaptialist 行政措施 administrative measures 需求膨脹 demand expansion。 excessive demand 虛偽存款 windowdressing deposits 削減冗員 to shed excess labor force 尋租 rent seeking 迅速反彈 quick rebound Y 養(yǎng)老基金 pension fund 一刀切 universal application。nondiscretionary implementation 一級市場 primary market 應收未收利息 overdue interest 銀行網點 banking outlets 贏利能力 profitability 營業(yè)稅 business tax 硬貸款（商業(yè)貸款） mercial loans 用地審批 to grant land use right 有管理的浮動匯率 managed floating exchange rate 證券投資 portfolio investment 游資（熱錢） hot money 有市場的產品 marketable products 有效供給 effective supply 誘發(fā)新一輪經濟擴張 trigger a new round of economic expansion 逾期貸款 overdue loans。pastdue loans 與國際慣例接軌 to bee patible with internationally accepted 與國際市場接軌 to integrate with the world market 預算外支出（收入） offbudget （extrabudgetary） expenditure（revenue） 預調 preemptive adjustment 月環(huán)比 on a monthonmonth basis。 on a monthly basis Z 再貸款 central bank lending 在國際金融機構儲備頭寸 reserve position in international financial institutions 在人行存款 deposits at （with） the central bank 在途資金 fund in float 增加農業(yè)投入 to increase investment in agriculture 增勢減緩 deceleration of growth。moderation of growthmomentum 增收節(jié)支措施 revenueenhancing and expenditure control measures 增長平穩(wěn) steady growth 增值稅 valueadded tax（VAT） 漲幅偏高 higherthandesirable growth rate。excessive growth 賬外賬 concealed accounts 折舊 depreciation 整頓 retrenchment。consolidation 政策工具 policy instrument 政策性業(yè)務 policyrelated operations 政策性銀行 policy banks 政策組合 policy mix 政府干預 government intervention 證券交易清算 settlement of securities transactions 證券業(yè)務占款 funding of securities purchase 支付困難 payment difficulty 支付能力 payment capacity 直接調控方式向 to increase the reliance on indirect policy instruments 間接調控方式轉變職能轉換 transformation of functions 職業(yè)道德 professional ethics 指令性措施 mandatory measures 指令性計劃 mandatory plan。administered plan 制定和實施貨幣政策 to conduct monetary policy。to formulate and implement monetary policy 滯后影響 lagged effect 中介機構 intermediaries 中央與地方財政 delineation of fiscal responsibilities 分灶吃飯重點建設 key construction projects。key investment project 周期谷底 bottom（trough）of business cycle 周轉速度 velocity 主辦銀行 main bank 主權風險 sovereign risk 注冊資本 registered capital 逐步到位 to phase in。phased implementation 逐步取消 to phase out 抓大放小 to seize the big and free the small（to maintain close oversight on the large stateownedenterprises and subject smaller ones to market petition） 專款專用 use of funds as earmarked 轉貸 onlending 轉軌經濟 transition economy 轉機 turnaround 轉折關頭 turning point 準財政赤字 quasifiscal deficit 準貨幣 quasimoney 資本不足 undercapitalized 資本充足率 capital adequacy ratio 資本利潤率 return on capital 資本賬戶可兌換 capital account convertibility 資不抵債 insolvent。insolvency 資產負債表 balance sheet 資產負債率 liability/asset ratio。ratio of liabilities to assets 資產集中 asset concentration 資產貢獻率 asset contribution factor 資產利潤率 return on assets （ROA） 資產質量 asset quality 資產組合 asset portfolio 資金成本 cost of funding。cost of capital。financing cost 資金到位 fully funded （project） 資金寬裕 to have sufficient funds 資金利用率 fund utilization rate 資金缺口 financing gap 資金體外循環(huán) financial disintermediation 資金占壓 funds tied up 自籌投資項目 selffinanced projects 自有資金 equity fund 綜合國力 overall national strength（often measured by GDP） 綜合效益指標 overall efficiency indicator 綜合治理 prehensive adjustment（retrenchment）。overhaul 總成交額 total contract value 總交易量 total amount of transactions 總成本 total cost 最后貸款人 lender of last resort