【導(dǎo)讀】、動(dòng)名詞和分詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有以下特點(diǎn)：;外賓喜歡看中國(guó)雜技。雨繼續(xù)下得很大。在這所大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生都很優(yōu)秀。，即為客人準(zhǔn)備房間。詞類所能用作的成分。為人民而死，雖死猶榮。忽視這一點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的。懂一點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)是一回事；掌握英語(yǔ)完全是另一回事。有必要制訂一份學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。只要你花時(shí)間下功夫，學(xué)好一門外語(yǔ)并不難。拒絕似乎很遺憾。聽(tīng)他那樣談話我們非常氣憤。這樣生活是一種享受。我所喜歡的是在大海里游泳，然后躺在溫暖的沙灘上。我們的任務(wù)是將這些年輕學(xué)生培養(yǎng)成優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)生。最大的幸福就是為大家的幸福而工作。他必須學(xué)會(huì)努力工作和勤儉節(jié)約。人們之懼怕死亡，猶如兒童之懼怕在黑暗中行走。我們決定把計(jì)劃做些修改?，旣悜┣蠛臀覀円坏廊ァＳ行┤瞬蝗绦目炊放?。struggle,train,volunteer（自愿）,wait,wish等。我認(rèn)為有必要互相幫助。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)不可能把一切都及時(shí)準(zhǔn)備好。她覺(jué)得沒(méi)有必要和他辯論。我一直在想給你回信。我可否請(qǐng)你出席這

　　

【正文】 oduced is equal to the electrical energy utilized. 所產(chǎn)生的熱能與所使用的電能相等。 There is nothing left for me . 分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)通常，例如： The woman driving the car indicated that she was going left and then turned right. This is a house built ten years ago. We are brothers sharing weal and woe.(happiness and sadness) They built a highway leading into the mountains. They are problems left over by history. Suddenly there appeared a young woman dressed in green. 作表語(yǔ) ，例如： This film is very moving. 這部影片很動(dòng)人。 He is married. 他已經(jīng)結(jié)婚了。 The situation is encouraging. 形勢(shì)令人鼓舞。 He seemed quite pleased with the idea. 所了這想法他似乎很高興。 Newton39。s laws of motion are well known to us. 我們都熟悉牛頓的運(yùn)動(dòng)定律。 作賓補(bǔ) ，例如： We must get the television set repaired. I saw her walking across the road. He heard someone knocking at the door. I found the letter hidden under some newspapers. They were crying with delight, till they looked up and saw me standing there looking so miserable. I had a very different feeling now when I passed her door at night and heard her tapping away. 能接分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有： see, hear, feel, keep, get, find, have, notice, watch, want, like, wish, order, smell, set, observe 等。 .分詞做狀語(yǔ) : Having no money,he couldn’t go traveling. Every day they stood there, begging. They came into the classroom,talking and laughing. The old man came in, supported by his son. He sat there, buried in his newspaper. Regarded as the best , the factory was a prize. Marked with names, the books are easily found. 作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間、原因、方式、伴隨情況、條件等， 例如： Opening the drawer he took out a dictionary. Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. Fishing over a bridge he hooked a fish. Coming home from school that dark winter39。s day so long ago, I was filled with anticipation. Born and bred a countryman, he was bewildered by London. He came running back to tell us the news. She stood there waiting for the bus. Exhausted by the journey, he soon fell asleep. Given an inch, he will take a mil e. Delighted with her work, they made her the general manager. Kept in refrigerator, the drug should remain effective for at least three months. 分詞作狀語(yǔ)的條件是其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的 主語(yǔ) 一致 ,如果不一致，則要采取獨(dú)立主格形式。 Christmas Day being a holiday, the shops were all closed. 由于圣誕節(jié)是日，所有的商店都關(guān)門了。 Weather permitting, the cricket match will be played on Wednesday. 如果天氣許可的話，板球比賽將在星期三舉行。 All things considered, I think we ought to award the job to Smith. 考慮到各方面的情況，我想我們應(yīng)該把這項(xiàng)工作交給史密斯去干。 This done, they packed up their tools and went home. 做完這項(xiàng)工作之后，他們收拾好工具，回家去了。 He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. 2. 現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別 在語(yǔ)態(tài)方面，現(xiàn)在分詞表示 主動(dòng) 意義，過(guò)去分詞表示 被動(dòng) 意義 ，例如： Here is a leaflet giving full particulars of the plan. 這是一份敘述詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃書。 Do you know the number of books ordered. 你知道訂書的數(shù)量嗎 ? She looked disappointed. 她顯得很失望。 Barking dogs seldom bite. 愛(ài)叫的狗很少咬人。 Working this way, they greatly reduced the cost. 用這種辦法他們大大降低了成本。 4. 分詞的否定。 分詞的否定是將 not 加在分詞的 前面 而構(gòu)成，例如： Not knowing what to do, she turned to her teacher for help. 由于不知道怎么辦，她便去找老師幫忙。 I left at noon, not staying for lunch. 我是中午走的，沒(méi)有留下來(lái)吃中飯。 Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter to them. 由于沒(méi)有接到回信，他決定給他們?cè)賹懸环庑拧? Not given enough attention, these apple trees haven39。t grown well. 由于管理不善，這些蘋果樹(shù)長(zhǎng)得不好。 5. 現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式和被動(dòng)形式 現(xiàn)在分詞的完成形式表示分詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前 ，例如： Having done his homework, he began to write his diary. 他作完作業(yè)后開(kāi)始寫日記。 Having found the cause, they were able to propose a remedy. 原因找出了，他們就可提出補(bǔ)救辦法了。 Everyone having arrived, we were able to begin our work. 既然大家都來(lái)了，我們可以開(kāi)始工作了。 Having written his essay, the boy was allowed to go home. 寫完文章后，那個(gè)男孩才被允許回家。 The guests having left, they resumed their discussion. 客人走了之后，他們又繼續(xù)討論。