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Cao, Opt. Exp., 13, 18 (2022) Outside the metal, kair is very small, so the field decays very slowly in the radial direction and extends several 10 times R outside of the metal. Inside the metal, km is very large, leaving a field peration depth of less than 1 mm. Recent waveguides ?Metal wire with milled grooves Cao, Opt. Exp., 13, 18 (2022) Vain attempt to increase coupling Recent waveguides ? Subwavelength plastic fibre Sun, Opt. Lett., (Oct. 2022) 200 mm diameter PE fiber a ~ cm1 at THz Singlemode HE11 propagation Fig.: Ponyting vector a) THz b) THz c) THz d) THz Recent waveguides ? Plastic photonic crystal fibers (PPCF) Han, Appl. Phys. Lett., 80, (2022) 500 mm diameter HDPE tubes The tubes were 2cm long, stacked in 2D triangular lattice and fused together at 135176。C in a conventional furnace. a = cm1 at 1 THz Material absorption primary loss factor Relatively low dispersion, mainly due to waveguide dispersion Recent waveguides ? Plastic photonic crystal fibers (PPCF) Teflon tubes a = cm1 at 1 THz Goto, Jap. J. Appl. Phys. Lett., 43, 2B (2022