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Oncol Biol Phys, 1980。 6:126112667. Holm HH, Juul N, Pedersen JF,et al. Transperineal 125iodine seed implantation in prostate cancer guided by transrectal ultrasonography. J Urol,1983。130:2832868. Terris MK, Stamey TA. Determination of prostate volume by transrectal ultrasound. J urol, 1991。 145:9849879. Stock RG, Stone NN, Wesson MF, et al. A modified technique allowing interactive ultrasoundguided threedimensional transperineal prostate implantation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1995。 32:21922510. Grimm PD, Blasko JC, Ragde H. Ultrasoundguided brachytherapy for transperineal implantation of iodine125 and palladium103 for treatment of early stage prostate cancer. Atlas Urol Clin North Am, 1992。 2:11312511. Osian AD, Nori D. Conformal brachytherapy of Carcinoma of the prostate. Endocuriether/Hypertherm Oncol, 1994。 10:152412. Wallner K. Iodine125 brachytherapy for early stage prostate cancer: new techniques may achieve better , 1991。 5:11512213. Wallner Kroc J, Harrison L. Tumor control and morbidity following transperineal iodine 125 implantation for stage T1/T2 prostatic carcinoma. J Clin Oncol, 1996。 14:44945314. Blasko JC, Wallner K, Grimm PD, et al. Prostate specific antigen based disease control following ultrasound guided 125iodine implantation for stage T1/T2 prostatic Urol,1995。154:1096109915. Yu Y, Waterman FW, Suntharalingam N, et al. Limitations of the minimum peripheral dose as a parameter for dose specification in permanent 125I prostate implants. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys,1996。34:71772516. Wallner K, Roy J, Harrison L, et al. Dosimetry guidelines to minimize urethral and rectal morbidity following transperineal I125 brachytherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 1995。 32:46547117. Mortin JD, Peschel RE. Iodine125 implants versus external beam therapy for stages A2,B and C prostate J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys,1988。14:1153115718. Dattoli M, Wallner K, Sorace R, et al. 103Pd brachytherapy and external beamirradiation for clinically localized, highrisk prostatic carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys,1996。35:875879附錄1永久性放射性粒子植入近距離治療專業(yè)術語關于放射性粒子治療專業(yè)術語粒子植入,seed implantation。永久植入:permanent implantation。粒子:seed。碘-125:125I。近距離治療專業(yè)術語近距離治療:brachytherapy。低劑量率:Low dose rate(LDR)。高劑量率:High dose rate(HDR)。組織間:interstitial。放射性核素活度單位居里:Ci,(舊單位制)。毫居:mCi(1Ci=100mCi)。貝克勒爾:Bq(標準單位制)。粒子治療劑量單位戈瑞(吸收劑量單位):Gary(Gy),1Gy=100cGy 。平均外周劑量:mean peripheral dose。最小周邊劑量:minimum peripheral dose(mPD)。處方劑量:prescribed dose(PD)匹配周邊劑量:matched peripheral dose(MPD)。腫瘤靶區(qū)的描述靶區(qū):target腫瘤靶體積:gross tumor volume(GTV)。臨床靶體積:clinical target volume(CTV)。計劃靶體積:planning target volume(PTV)。治療計劃實時計劃:real time plan(指術中粒子植入同時進行的劑量學計算,并指導治療)。術前計劃:Preplan(術前根據影像學資料進行的治療計劃)。術后計劃:postplan(術后根據影像學資料進行的計劃評估,可用于指導補充治療)。評估參數靶體積比:target volume ratio(TVR)。D90和D100:覆蓋90%和100%靶體積的劑量。V200、V150、V100,V90、V80和V50:被200%、150%、100%、90%、80%和50%處方劑量覆蓋的靶體積百分比。劑量體積直方圖:dosevolume histogram(DVH)。適形指數:Conformation index(CI)。危險器官:organs at risk(OAR)指腫瘤周圍正常組織器官?;颊呱眢w一般狀況評分標準卡氏標準:karnofsky performance status(KPS)(百分制)。ECOG標準:Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(5分制)。腫瘤治療療效評價近期療效評價完全緩解:plete response(CR)。部分緩解:partial response(PR)。穩(wěn) 定:stable of disease(SD)。進 展:progressive disease(PD)。遠期療效評價腫瘤進展時間:time to progression(TP)。治療失敗時間:time to failure(TF)。中位進展時間:median time to progression(MTP)。無復發(fā)生存期:disease free survival(DFS)。局部控制率:local control(LC)。生存期:survival??偵媛剩簅verall survival(OS)。中位生存:median survival。生活質量:Quality of life(QOL)。附錄2 功能狀態(tài)評分標準Karnofsky 評分法(KPS,百分法)100正常,無癥狀及體征,無疾病90能正?;顒?,但有輕微癥狀及體征80勉強可進行正?;顒?,有某些癥狀及體征70生活可自理,但不能維持正常生活或工作60有時需人扶助,但大多數時間可自理,不能從事正常工作50需要一定的幫助和護理,以及給予藥物治療40生活不能自理,需特別照顧及治療30生活嚴重不能自理,有住院指征,尚不到病重20病重,完全失去自理能力,需住院給予積極支持治療10病危,臨近死亡0死亡ZubrodECOGWHO(ZPS,五分法)0正?;顒?癥狀輕,生活自理,能從事輕體力活動2能耐受腫瘤的癥狀,生活自理,但白天臥床時間不超過50%3腫瘤的癥狀嚴重,白天臥床時間超過50%,但還能起床站立,部分生活自理4病重臥床不起5死亡16 / 16