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【正文】 (6) – Speech Direct Speech Tagged 她 一面吃一面問(wèn)他：「你叫什麼名字？」「亞茲別?！?李龍第 脫口說(shuō)出。 (182) Untagged 「他真的不是你的妻子 ﹖ 」 「絕不是 。 」 「那麼你的妻子呢 ？ 」 「我沒(méi)有 。 」 (181) Selectively tagged 李龍第 低下頭問(wèn)她：「我要是拋下妳，妳會(huì)怎麼樣？」「我會(huì)躺在屋頂上慢慢死去，我在這大都市也原是一個(gè)人的，而且正在生病?！?(183) Indirect Speech Tagged indirect speech 李龍第抬頭注意 對(duì)面的晴子在央求 救生舟把她載到這邊來(lái)，可是 有些人說(shuō) 她發(fā)瘋了 … (183) Free indirect speech 他完全被那群無(wú)主四處奔逃擁擠的人們的神色和喚叫感染到共同面臨災(zāi)禍的恐懼 。 假如這個(gè)時(shí)候他還能看見(jiàn)他的妻子晴子， 這是上天對(duì)他何等的恩惠啊 。 (177) (七等生 【我愛(ài)黑眼珠 】 ) Free Indirect Discourse ?FID = narrated monologue。 pens233。e avec ?FID is often taken to contain mixed within it markers of two voices (a narrator‘s and a character‘s). Free Indirect Discourse ?Definition: ―the technique for rendering a character‘s thought in his own idiom while maintaining the thirdperson reference and the basic tense of narration‖ (Cohn 100). Free Indirect Discourse ? FID is often marked by such contextual features: (1) general markers of colloquialism (such as ejaculations, lexical fillers)。 (2) more specific markers of a group or class to which a character belongs。 (3) a character‘s personal idiom。 (4) markers of socialrole relationships (Prince 3536). Example 1 (1)Direct discourse: Tom said, ―Gosh, I am tired.‖ (2) Indirect discourse: Tom said that he was tired. (3) Free indirect discourse: Gosh, he was tired. (Fludernik 74) Example 2 ? She [Lily] started up and looked forth on the passing streets. Gerty!—they were nearing Gerty‘s corner. If only she could reach there before this laboring anguish burst from her breast to her lips—if only she could feel the hold of Gerty’s arms while she shook in the aguefit of fear that was ing upon her! (The House of Mirth I, xiii。 Wharton 1962: 173) (quoted in Fludernik 78) Example 3 The trader was not shocked nor amazed . . . . He had seen Death many times . . . and so he only swore that the gal was a baggage, and that he was devilish unlucky, and that, if things went on in this way, he should not make a cent on the trip. (Uncle Tom‘s Cabin, xii。 Stowe 1981: 130) (quoted in Fludernik 116) Remended References on Free Indirect Discourse ? ? ory/ ? p/?rec=trueamp。UID=444 ―JoinedUp‖ Narratology Aristotle Theme Propp Plot Gete Narration Barthes Reader‘s ―decoding‖ References ? Cohn, Dorrit. Transparent Minds. Princeton, NJ: Princeton UP, 1978. ? Fludernik, Monika. The Fictions of Language and the Languages of Fiction. London: Routledge, 1993. ? Prince, Gerald. Dictionary of Narratology. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 1987. ? Scholes, Robert. Structuralism in Literature. New Haven: Yale UP, 1974. ?The End
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