【正文】 line consensus, so onlywhen the design simulation calculation model of the half. Above 3 give is only three branch entum model of M om. Because the resistance between each branch network does not cause the phase difference, so the simulation negligible resistance distribution network effects. Get A D S simulation results as shown in figure32 shows: Figure32 phase unbalanced degrees simulation resultsFrom the simulation results that the imbalance between road phase of the maximum appeared in degree of G H z frequency, its phase unbalanced degrees 176。, can still for meet the design requirements. Moreover in practical applications, can adjust the length of microstrip lines, further improve road phase unbalanced degrees between.4 the measured resultsAccording to the simulation results, the design made the corresponding power dividers. The whole circuit processing in a piece of 26m m 72m m x teflon board, thickness of m m, object as shown in figure 41 shows: Figure41 all the real power dividers photos39The measured results as shown in figure 42及43 shows: Figure 42 road phase unbalanced degrees between test results Figure 43 road isolation ratio between test resultsFrom the test results can be seen, this power dividers insertion loss in full frequency for (21 + 2) dB, this and the simulation results close。 Road phase unbalanced degrees between the maximum appeared in the first and third way way between。 In G H z place phase insertion maximum 176。, than simulation results, and largish segregation degrees in 36dB way can meet the design requirements above. On the measured results, and the road of the phase unbalanced between maximum appeared in the first degree of all and third way, killing this phenomenon between the main reason is the appearance of the two largest. Difference road Can see, microstrip matching corner of phase length is consistent, has a significant impact on. Although these factors when the design has taken into consideration, but limited to machining accuracy and soldering welding, first, the influence of three road phase unbalanced degrees between actual value always better than theory simulation results be larger.5 conclusionThis paper introduces a novel the working principle of the power distribution network, and analyzes its putation formula of the network ponents. Using A D S simulation tools, design and make A six, and gives the power dividers simulation and test results, and briefly analyzed the theory with practical difference. Actual proof this design method is feasible, and now this power dividers has been successfully used in the engineering practice in.References:[1] liu Juan, LvShanWei. A realization passcal new method of power dividers [J]. Journal of electronics, 2004,32 (9) : 1,5271529[2] ShenChun. A highperformance low cost the realization of medium frequency power dividers [J].journal of tele technology research, 2003 (7) : 25 to 27[3] LiangChangHong, officer however. Simple microwave [j].concrete: xian electronic technology university press, 2000[4] tsinghua university. Microstrip circuit editorial [M].john wileyamp。sons press, 1976Author introduction:ZhangPengFei (1977 ), male, engineers, 2000 graduated from northeastern university munication engineering, mainly engaged in rf receive and microwave solidstate circuits research work.Cheng Ming (1978 ), male, assistant engineer, from jilin university in 2002, mainly engaged in electronic engineering receivers and microwave 41solidstate circuits research work.LuShengJun (1973 ), male, senior engineer, 1994 YuXiAn jiaotong university graduate, is mainly engaged in radio department munication countermeasure and receiver. System research43譯文譯文微小相位不平衡功分器設(shè)計(jì)張鵬飛，程明，盧勝軍(中國(guó)電子科技集團(tuán)公司第三十六研究所，浙江嘉興314033)摘要：介紹了一種新穎的寬帶功分器的設(shè)計(jì)方法，這種功分器具有工作頻段寬、隔離度高且相位不平衡度小的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。借助A D S 仿真工具，設(shè)計(jì)制作了一個(gè)六路功分器，并給出了其仿真和實(shí)測(cè)結(jié)果。該器件已成功應(yīng)用于工程實(shí)踐，證明該設(shè)計(jì)方法切實(shí)可行。關(guān)鍵詞：寬帶功分器；相位不平衡度；隔離度；ADS1引言功分器是將輸入信號(hào)的功率分成相等或不相等的幾路功率輸出的一種多端口微波網(wǎng)絡(luò)，它在系統(tǒng)中起著信號(hào)的分配或合成的作用[1 ]。功分器種類(lèi)繁多，常見(jiàn)的功分器有變壓器式、微帶或帶狀線式、波導(dǎo)式和鐵氧體式，它們各有優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)和使用場(chǎng)合。除此之外，還有一種利用電阻分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)的功分器，它很適合工作頻段不是很高的超寬帶情形，在C 波段以下的跨多個(gè)倍頻程功分器設(shè)計(jì)中常被采用。例如在某測(cè)向系統(tǒng)中，需要設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)六路功分器用作校正信號(hào)的分配，由于校正信號(hào)本身幅度較高，故對(duì)功分器的插入損耗不作嚴(yán)格限定；但測(cè)向系統(tǒng)對(duì)相位極其敏感，這就要求該功分器的路間相位不平衡度很??；同時(shí)，為了降低校正信號(hào)在系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的串?dāng)_，希望功分器的路間隔離度越大越好。該該功分器的主要指標(biāo)如下：1)段：200M H z～2500M H z2)路間相位不平衡度≤1176。3)路間隔離度≥30dB4)外形尺寸：80mm 30mm 10mm（長(zhǎng)寬高）2 設(shè)計(jì)原理電阻分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有頻帶寬、電路簡(jiǎn)單、成本低廉等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但插入損耗相對(duì)較高，不能應(yīng)用到對(duì)功率要求高的電路中。較高的插入損耗也使得這種功分網(wǎng)絡(luò)有很高的輸入輸出和路間隔離，而這正是我們的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)。45譯文 圖21 電阻分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)原理圖電阻分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)的實(shí)際電路如圖21所示。這是一種采用并聯(lián)分路電阻網(wǎng)絡(luò)完成阻抗變換和功率分配的方法，方框內(nèi)為阻抗匹配網(wǎng)絡(luò)。功分器的各路負(fù)載相等為，信號(hào)源輸出阻抗為，各路采用相同的阻抗變換網(wǎng)絡(luò)，流過(guò)各路的電流大小相等方向相同，這樣就可實(shí)現(xiàn)輸入功率全部均分到負(fù)載上而分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)無(wú)損耗；同時(shí)我們希望分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)現(xiàn)輸入輸出端阻抗匹配，以滿足功率的最佳傳遞，為此需要求出 和。 圖22 阻抗變換網(wǎng)絡(luò)等效電路圖圖22為阻抗變換網(wǎng)絡(luò)等效電路圖, 設(shè),阻抗變換網(wǎng)絡(luò)為實(shí)現(xiàn)功率分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)的功率的最佳傳遞，需要實(shí)現(xiàn)阻抗Z01 到Z02 的變換。根據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論可以得出： (21) (22)分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)的插入損耗計(jì)算公式如下： (23)根據(jù)上述分式可以計(jì)算出所要設(shè)計(jì)的六路功分器的實(shí)現(xiàn)參數(shù)。在50歐姆系統(tǒng)中，對(duì)于六路功分器N = 6，則： （24） （25）代入（1）～（3）式可得： （26） （27） （28）3 建模仿真上述電阻分配網(wǎng)路可以保證功分器的寬頻帶、高隔離特性，同時(shí)這種網(wǎng)絡(luò)在理想情況下也是沒(méi)有相位延遲的（不考慮在頻率很高時(shí)電阻的寄生參數(shù)）。但是分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的電阻必須焊接在微帶線上，而微帶線的引入很容易帶來(lái)路間相位的不平衡。由微帶線引入的相位不平衡與印制板基片材料有直接的聯(lián)系。在本設(shè)計(jì)中，我們采用了聚四氟乙烯板。根據(jù)微帶線理論可知，線寬為1mm 的微帶線（50 歐姆微帶線）將引入6176。的相位延遲。顯然，如果不能使功分器各個(gè)路所經(jīng)過(guò)的微帶線電長(zhǎng)度相等，那將無(wú)法保證路間相位不平衡度小于1176。要使微帶線的電長(zhǎng)度相等，最簡(jiǎn)單有效的辦法是使六路輸出呈球形或扇形分布，但這兩種排列法并不適合實(shí)際應(yīng)用。為了使六個(gè)輸出端口都處于同一平面且電長(zhǎng)度相等，那么微帶線的外形一定是不規(guī)整的，且必須有拐角。而微帶線拐角對(duì)相位的影響非常復(fù)雜，補(bǔ)償起來(lái)也很困難。為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，一種簡(jiǎn)潔的方法是先保證每個(gè)支路的拐角數(shù)目相同，再通過(guò)調(diào)整微帶線的長(zhǎng)度來(lái)平衡各支路的相位。借助A D S 軟件，我們對(duì)該功分器進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證仿真，其Momentum 模型如圖31所示。 圖31 六路功分器的Momentum 模型此六路功分器為對(duì)稱結(jié)構(gòu)，而對(duì)稱位置上的微帶線相位可以做到完全一致，因此仿真設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)只需計(jì)算一半的模型。上圖3 給出的就是只有三個(gè)支路的Momentum模型。因?yàn)殡娮杈W(wǎng)路不會(huì)引起各支路間的相位差異，所以仿真時(shí)可忽略電阻分配網(wǎng)路的影響。得到的A D S 仿真結(jié)果如圖32所示。 圖32 相位不平衡度仿真結(jié)果從仿真結(jié)果可以看出， H z 的頻點(diǎn)上，176。，仍可以滿足設(shè)計(jì)要求。此外在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，可以通過(guò)調(diào)整微帶線的長(zhǎng)度，進(jìn)一步改善路間相位不平衡度。4 實(shí)測(cè)結(jié)果根據(jù)上述仿真結(jié)果，設(shè)計(jì)制作了