【正文】 t present, above 99%enterprises in our country are small and mediumsized businesses. They are incubators of successful large enterprises. In the era of technology economy ,small and mediumsized businesses own obvious advantages :They have flexible mechanism and more sensitive to the market . They are apt to reduce managerial levels and shorten management length, which result in higher efficiency. They also have obvious disadvantages: Due to small scale and capital bottleneck ,scale economy effect is hard to be achieved, which leads to higher cost。 norm management system is absent ,they have lower level of credit and often suffered from financing restrained。 they are lack of information and talents ,etc. As the further enforcement of the reform and opening, that is, the small and mediumsized businesses are allowed to engage in export by themselves under the newly issued export register system .Export and trade risks of small and mediumsized businesses thus bee a prominent problem in national economy. Therefore ,it is urgent to find a better trade mode and development mode in export for small and mediumsized businesses.Compared to domestic trade the dealing process in international trade occupies longer time 。the procedures are more plicated ,the small and mediumsized enterprises are not familiar with their objective market ,therefore international trade has higher risks. To recognize and resolve the risks in export is the key issue for a healthier development for the small and mediumsized enterprises and national economy .The author chooses this topic ,hoping to help small and mediumsized businesses with their export development.Since China’s reforming and opening to the outside world，our country has been in a stable political situation. Economy has developed rapidly. Overall state power has continuously strengthened. Foreign trade has increased in parallel with the national economy .After China entered into WTO，its foreign trade will be developing rapidly .So improving the quality in international trade should be given special attention to .And the key point is how to effectively prevent international trade risks .Guided by Marxist economic theory and related risk principles and also borrowed from some western economic theories，the concept of international trade risks is set forth .International risks refer to the possibilities that result from the loss due to inconsistency between actual earnings and expected earnings or actual cost and expected cost to the entities because of some unexpected changes within certain period of time in international trade .Some factors change suddenly during certain period of time，which is called international trade risk accidents.In the last few years，with the rapid growth of our foreign trade international trade risk accidents have increased . The risks of financial crisis，fluctuation of exchange rate and trade frauds have bee eyesores to most foreign trade enterprises .On the other hand，this problems reflect the poor supervision in the management and lack of the sense to hedge against risks in foreign trade .More and more frauds in international trade influence every individual who take part in the trade directly or indirectly，for they result in not only the added price to honest dealers，but also the interference in the normal order of international trade .It is estimated by some economists that accounts receivable which can not be collected have amounted to about 23% of the total value for reasons every year. Statistics reported by Trade and Development Council of the United Nations also show the loss suffering from international marine frauds amounts to13 billion USD .Therefore it is necessary to study international trade risks and set up the system to control and avoid them .It is also significant to protect the interest of our enterprises and maintain the economic security of our country.In international trade some factors change unexpectedly within certain period of time，which is called risk accidents in international trade .Risk accidents include three types: government accidents，economic accidents and fraud accidents .Accordingly，international trade risks can be divided into the following three types: government risks，market risks and fraud risks.International trade risks theories are summarized, including the introduction to related theories in Marxism and western economy .Here the concept of international trade risks is presented .The research on international trade risks must be emphasized in order to hedge against risks effectively and find out solutions in advance .In this way the sufferings can be avoided or pensated . It also lay a foundation for the systematical research on international trade risks.International state risks included three parts :the summary，the evaluation and the prevention of government risks. Government risks refer to the possibilities that e from the unpredictable political，social and macroeconomic changes or adjustments in the hosting countries to affect or damage international trade .Government risks contains business restricts and macroeconomic policies .The evaluation on government risks refer to the overall evaluation and prediction made by foreign trade enterprises both politically and economically to the hosting countries .The precautions of government risks include preventions in advance and behind.International trade exchange rate risks which cover the summary，the identification and measurement and the prevention. If in terms of foreign currencies in trade，foreign trade enterprises may take the risks of prices going up or down due to the fluctuation of exchange rates，Which is called exchange rate risks .Trade risks are the ones that result from value changes of domestic currencies according to fluctuation of exchange rates from the occurrence to the pletion of transactions，Identifying exchange rate risks is the first step in the management of exchange rate risks，in which there are many me