【正文】 les of Sherlock Holmes in their studies, and they fail to study them as a whole. They will be easily thought as the studies which hold a too wild scope, and finally they cannot be satisfied by the venerable scholars the acidulous critics in this field. And it is a pity that they have no studies to those hidden sides of the Victorian London in Conan Doyle’s tales of Sherlock Holmes, even not realize them. Above all, there are few scholars studying the London of Victorian Era in the tales of Sherlock Holmes. Nowadays, what we need, I think, is a study on the London of Victorian Era which included the city’s elementary image and the deep level mind in the work. So it is necessary to spread the tales of Sherlock Holmes to the public more and more, and before that recognizing the tales’ background clear is needed. So this thesis will make a thorough study on the London of Victorian Era in the tales of Sherlock Holmes for recovering its real image, and try to improve and perfect this field. At the same time, it will make a contribution to continuing the fame of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and the popularity of the tales of Sherlock Holmes. According to the analyses in the thesis, it can be better understood the development of science, the change of the public’s mind, and the other tendencies in that historical background. And the thesis says the public’s aspirations which was conveyed through the works and digs out the hidden sides of that time. What’s more, like the other typical literatures in Victorian Era, Conan Doyle’s tales of Sherlock Holmes showed the similarities of Victorian Era literatures and led the tendencies. This thesis will make contributions to the study on the literatures in that time.3 An Analysis on Victorian London in Conan Doyle’s Tales of Sherlock Holmes The Basic Image of Victorian London “Conan Doyle’s other alluring contribution was the depictions of London. Although he lived only a few months in the capital before moving to the suburbs, he visited the city frequently throughout his life. Victorian London takes on almost the presence of a character in the novels and stories, as fully realized—in all its fogs, back alleys and shadowy quarters—as Holmes himself.”(Joshua Hammer, 2010: 30) As Joshua Hammer said in his Sherlock Holmes London, we can find a lot of information about the London of Victorian Era from the descriptions in the tales of Sherlock Holmes. At the same time, a Chinese scholar, Wang Ting, showed the similar point in her study. She claimed that the popularity of Sherlock Holmes’s tales is not only for its attractive stories, but also for its making readers understand a real London, a real Victorian Era.As we all know, Conan Doyle39。s detective novels are famous for their intricate plots which are full of romance and the shaping of a legendary character, Sherlock Holmes. In fact, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle not only described the crimes and the amazing detective in his great work, but also described image of the London of Victorian Era from all the aspects. The tales of Sherlock Holmes happened in the London of Victorian Era, and his tales presented the London. In other words, the London of Victorian Era gestated the tales of Sherlock Holmes, and the work presented the London of Victorian Era. According to the descriptions in the tales of Sherlock Holmes, we got the chance to recover the original image of the London in Victorian Era. Although it has been more than one hundred years, we can feel the breath of Victorian Era from the detective tales truly and vividly. With Sherlock Holmes’ footprints, we can easily recover the image of the London at that time. Public Security“In over a thousand cases I am not aware that I have ever used my powers upon the wrong side.” (Conan Doyle, 2008: 145)Sherlock Holmes said the words above in The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes: The Final Problem. According to his words, “over a thousand cases” showed the rate of crimes was high enough at that time. It must be pointed out that the public security was so awful that it provided a large number of subjects for Conan Doyle to write the tales of Sherlock Holmes. One of the important reasons was the inpetence of the police in Victorian Era. So we can find the police in the Scotland Yard came to the Baker Street 221B for asking Holmes’s help again and again when they fail to solve the difficult cases. What was worse, they were always used to solve cases conventionalshockingly, fighting both with open and secret means and even grudging each other at work. And what they were good at is pocketing all the credit. Yu Xiaoqun held that there are some regular police station and famous detectives at that time, but they, without scientific knowledge and meticulous logic, were incapable to face the major cases.In fact, the popularity of the novel was the distrust to the situation of public security. As Mrs. Chen Xiaolan said in her study, those novels shows their fear to the crimes, chaos and disorder, and the distrust to the law and social order. (Chen Xiaolan, 2006: 352) The detective novels were popular at the end of 19th century. The detectives in the novels replaced the criminals, being the new urban heroes against crimes and the idol of the public. It showed the public had a thirst for order and reason. They wanted to knew their city, the circumstance they lived. They hoped there were some explanations to the seamy side and crimes of city.The public security couldn’t be safeguarded, and the public realized that point. But, unfortunately, they had no choice, because that was their city. So what they could do was looking for some fort in something else. And they found Sherlock Holmes did what they needed in his tales. People’s demand and anxiety to the public security reflected its terrible situation in London at that time from one side. The public needed someone who could beat crimes and pensate for the poor police in the city. And Sherlock Holmes did what they needed. Economy