【正文】 ng from the ship’s side?sound the alarm, report to the captain, stop all oil operations, and so on. 28. When would you need a ‘resuscitator ’?we need it when the person is unconscious(失去知覺的) and not breathe.29. A ship ahead hoists the flag ‘D’，and gives one long blast followed by two short blasts. What is the message?the vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver. / it is a hampered vessel.30. What does 2182KHz mean to you?It is a frequency in the MF band used as a telephone in distress alerting, urgent and safety calling .口述題：1. Describe the procedures of search and rescue operations. a) The ways to transmit distress alerts. b) The procedures for emergency responding. c) The patterns of search and the ways to implement a SAR mission. a) There are several ways. The vessel in distress may transmit distress alerts by radio telephone, radio telegraph, DSC INMARSAT A or C and so on. b) When receiving a distress alert:① Acknowledge the message or Mayday relay. ② Tell the purpose of your vessel to the vessel in distress. ③ Keep a listening watch ④ Maintain a proper lookout c) Generally speaking, there are four patterns of search. They are: square search, sector search, parallel search and ship/aircraft coordinated search.2. Describe the responses when a person falls overboard. a) The responses of the officer on watch. b) The ship maneuvers available to man overboard responding.c) Attention to be paid in such operation. a).When a person is overboard, sound the alarm, stop the engine. The watch officer should steer hard helm( to the same side on which the man falls overboard). Arrange someone to keep him in sight and inform the master.b)The rescue ship should take maneuverings like: single turning(單回旋), double turning（雙回旋）,Williamson turning（威廉遜旋回）, Scharnow turning（斯恰諾旋回）.c). During the above operation, pay attention to the following:1) The single or double turning can be taken when the man overboard is found at early time and is kept in sight.2) Williamson turning may be carried out when the man overboard is found timely and is not clearly visible.3) Scharnow turning can be used when the man overboard is lost at sea.3. Describe briefly the GMDSS.a) Main objectives of GMDSS.b) The ponents of GMDSS.c) Main functions of GMDSS.a) GMDSS is the short form for Global Maritime Distress and Safety System. It’s main objectives are: satisfy/meet the need of search and rescue amp。 safety munication at sea. b) GMDSS includes NAVTEX, EPIRB, DSC, NBDP, INMARSAT A, B, C, F and so on.c) The main functions of GMDSS is to provide emergency and safety munication and issue safety information at sea as well.4. Describe briefly the DSC distress alert. a) The function of DSC. b) The format of a distress alert. c) Summary.a) The DSC distress alert is used to release distress alert and keep distress watch. And it increases the possibility of distress alert being received successfully.b) The DSC equipment is equipped with VHF CH70, DSC watching machine and MF/HF. The DSC distress and safety frequency of the watching machine is keeping 24 hours watch.c) The DSC distress alert can carry out ship to ship, ship to shore and shore to ship distress alert.Chapter 10問答題： does MAYDAY calling mean in marine munications? It means that the vessel is in distress and requires the relevant assistance. should be included in MAYDAY messages? It may include the ship’s name, ship’s position, nature of distress , the assistance she needs and so on .3. What does PANPAN calling mean in marine munications ?It means that the information may be urgent indeed and the vessel needs relative assistance.4. What does SECURITY calling mean in marine munications ?It means that messages concern safety of navigation or safety warnings to other ships.5. What are passengers advised to put on while abandoning the vessel ?The passengers are advised to put on lifejackets.6. What is the general emergency alarm ? Seven short blasts and one prolonged blast.7. Can you give a briefing on how to put on lifejackets? Put it on and tie fast with the reflection belt outside, and check the whistle and the selfigniting light.8. What can be used to attract attention after abandoning the vessel ? By smoke signals, fog signals, whistles, etc.9. How many portable radios must be fitted on a survival craft?At least one portable radio must be fitted on a survival craft. is the minimum requirement for a linethrowing appliance? At least 4 projectiles, the throwing distance is at least 230m, the breaking strength is at least 2 KN.11. If you should fall overboard, what should you do?區(qū)分87Swim away from the vessel quickly.12. Can you list some risks to crew while abandoning vessels?Yes, I can. Such as thirsty, hungry, coldness, heatstroke, seasick and so on.13. Where are explosions most monly encountered on board ship?Fuel oil tank., engine room, galley, paint locker.14. How is it possible to find safety equipment in a room full of smoke?You should lower down your body and cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth. 15. What type of oil is used in certain rescue operations to prevent the seas breaking? Vegetable oil.16. Coastal radio stations keep a constant watch on distress frequencies. What frequencies are they?CH 16 andCH70, 2182KHZ, 8291KHZ and so on.17. A ship is signaling you with his ‘Aldis lamp’(Morse lamp)the letter ‘U’.What is the message for you ?You are running into danger.18. When launching an inflatable life raft into the sea, what is it most important to secure?Bridle. type of engine must a lifeboat have? Internal bustion engine.20. Why should you not take high protein food with you in a lifeboat?Because it c