【正文】 times into the circuit integrated era. Electronic design engineer will no longer use discrete electronic ponents design, while direct circuit units of integrated circuit units selection system ponents. They designed from circuit units to liberate, system design, greatly liberated technology the productive forces, promote the electronic system a wider range of popularity. Semiconductor integrated breakthrough. Lots of digital logic circuit, such as a gate, counter, timer, shift register and analog switches, parator etc, to digital electronic control provides excellent condition, make the traditional mechanical control to the electronic control. Power electronic devices and sensing technology development make previous radio as the center of electronic technology in the field of turning to engineering of mechanical system, the digital control in the field of information collection, detecting the move machinery electrical servo drive control subjects. Semiconductor and integrated circuit technology will we into a electronic technology is pervasive era, radio technology to bee electronic technology application domain of a part. In the 20th century 7039。s, large scale integrated circuit appear, promoted the conventional electronic circuit units of special electronic system development. Many special electronic system became integration device such as a radio, electric clock, calculator, etc, in these areas of electronic engineers from circuit, the system of elaborate design, debugging into ponent selection, peripheral devices adapter work. Electronic technology development, electronic products, electronic engineer enriched difficulty fell, but meanwhile, radio technology, electronic technology charm weakens. Semiconductor integrated circuit development makes the classical electronic system has been improved, stay in large scale integrated circuit outside of the electronic technology are dwindling, electronic technology without a past radio times fun and prehensive engineering training. Third, from classic electronic technology era to the modern electronic technology age Into the 1980s, the most important century economic change is the puter39。s industrial revolution. And the puter industry the most important marks revolution of the embedded application is the birth of the puter. Modern electronic puter is should the birth of numerical requirements. In a long time, electronic puters are massive numerical calculation for its development. But the electronic puter show the logical operation, processing, control ability, attracted the electronic control expert in the field, they demand to meet the control object embedded application requirements, achieving the puter system. If will satisfy the mass data processing puter system called general puter system, then can be embedded into object system (such as ships, aircraft, engine, etc) the puter system is called embedded puter. Obviously, the technology development direction is different. Former request mass data storage, handling capacity and high speed data processing analysis and transmission。 While the latter requirements in the object environment and reliable operation of the external physical parameters, highspeed data acquisition, logic analysis and external object39。s rapid control etc. Early humans will generalpurpose puter plus data acquisition unit, output driver circuit grudgingly constitute a heat treatment furnace temperature control system. Such general puter system not for most electronic system USES, and should make the general puter system satisfies the embedded application requirements, inevitably affects highspeed numerical processing technology development. In order to resolve the contradiction, the development of puter technology in the 1970s, semiconductor experts path, in full accordance with the electronic system embedded application requirements, the puter will be a miniature puter basic system integration in a Single Chip, formed early singlechip Microputer) performance Chip cluster generator attempts (. SCM in puter field when began appearing in a generalpurpose puter system and the two branches of the embedded system. Since then, general puter systems have developed rapidly. Early despite a modified generalpurpose puters into embedded puter system, and the genuine sense of embedded system began in SCM appear. Because microcontroller is dedicated to the design of the embedded application, microcontroller can only achieve embedded applications. SCM can best meet the environmental requirements embedded application, for example, chip level of physical space, large scale integrated circuit of the low price, good peripheral interface buses and prominent control functions of instruction system. A puter system kernel, microcontroller embedded into electronic system for system intellectualization, laid a foundation. Therefore, the current microputer in the extensive use of electronic system, and makes the classical electronic system transition to the rapid modern electronic system intellectualization. Four, SCM began the modern electronic system era 1 of MCU and embedded systems Embedded system from puter embedded application, early embedded systems for generalpurpose puter after modified embedded into the various electronic system object system, such as the ship39。s autopilot, turbine monitoring system, etc. Embedded system first is a puter systems, secondly it is embedded in the system to the object, the object system realization object request data acquisition, processing, status display, output control function, because embedded in object system, the puter without puter embedded system of independent form and function. SCM is pletely according to the embedded system design requirement for, so microcontroller is the most typical of embedded system. Early microcontroller is press embedded application technology requirements of puter single chip integrated design, friend name microcontroller. Subsequently, Microcontroll