動(dòng)詞不定式用法經(jīng)典例句總結(jié)-資料下載頁(yè)
2025-06-16 03:58本頁(yè)面
【正文】 We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time.(2)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)①如果動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，動(dòng)名詞要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有一般式與完成式之分，如：The young man came in without being noticed.He prided himself on having never been beaten in class.②有些動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式，但表示被動(dòng)意義，如：The bike needs repairing.If a thing is worth doing,it is worth doing well.⒋在口語(yǔ)中，為避免重復(fù)，常用“to”代替不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，有時(shí)甚至可以把to省略，如：①Did you go to visit the Great WallNo,I wanted to,but there wasn39。t enough time.②Would you like to e to a partyI39。d love to.③Don39。t make any mistakes in your homework,will youI39。ll try not to.④Try to be back by 12,won39。t youOK,I39。ll try.另外，be going to,ought to,used to等也常用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)中。⒌在why引起的問句中，省略“to”，如：Why spend such a lot of moneyWhy not wait for a couple of days⒍當(dāng)兩個(gè)或更多作用相同的不定式并列使用時(shí)，只在第一個(gè)不定式前加“to”，如：It39。s quite necessary for us to read more and have more practice.⒎“to”在下列短語(yǔ)中是“介詞”，后接動(dòng)名詞或名詞形式，如：devote…to,face up to(勇敢地面對(duì)),look forward to(盼望),object to(反對(duì)),take to(養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，對(duì)……感興趣；開始從事某種活動(dòng)),be used to(習(xí)慣于)等。進(jìn)行式形式to be + 現(xiàn)在分詞He seems to be following 。用法①用于助動(dòng)詞之后He must be ing by 。You shouldn39。t be reading a ，你應(yīng)該看課本。②用于appear，happen，pretend，seem之后I happened to be standing next to him when he ：It happened that I was standing next to him when he 。③hope 和promise之后，或agree，arrange，decide，determine/be determined，plan，undertake之后，但用于hope和promise后更常見：I hope/hoped to be earning my living in a year39。s ：I hope I will/I hoped I would be earning……我希望在一年之內(nèi)能自食其力。被動(dòng)式不定式被動(dòng)式的用法不定式到底用主動(dòng)形式還是被動(dòng)形式，往往取決于句子的意思，即意思上為主動(dòng)就用主動(dòng)形式，意思上為被動(dòng)就用被動(dòng)形式：Did it need to be done so soon? 這事需要這么快就做嗎?She can’t bear to be laughed at. 她受不了被人嘲笑。There was business to be taken care of. 有生意要人管理。It remains to be seen whether you are right. 你是否正確，以后見分曉。There was a lot of rubbish to be got rid of. 有大量垃圾需要扔掉。不定式完成被動(dòng)式的用法不定式的完成被動(dòng)式表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作：I’m pleased to have been given this opportunity. 給了我這次機(jī)會(huì)我很高興。It’s said to have been built in the Ming dynasty. 據(jù)說(shuō)它是明朝修建的。完成式表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前的動(dòng)作He seems to have caught a cold. 他似乎感冒了。I hate to have quarreled with her. 我后悔和她吵架了。I believe it to have been a mistake. 我相信這是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。You appear to have travelled quite a lot. 你似乎作過多次旅行。I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble. 對(duì)不起給了你這么多麻煩。It’s said to have been built in the Ming dynasty. 據(jù)說(shuō)它是明朝修建的。表示在某個(gè)給定的時(shí)間之前已完成的動(dòng)作I hope to have finished the work by now. 我希望現(xiàn)在以前已完成這項(xiàng)工作。表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的想法和愿望I should like to have e earlier. 我本想早點(diǎn)來(lái)的。We were to have been married last year. 我們本來(lái)打算去年結(jié)婚的。完成進(jìn)行式形式to have been + 現(xiàn)在分詞He seems to have been spying for both sides.他似乎一直在為兩方面搞秘密情報(bào)。用法只要用于助動(dòng)詞之后和appear，seem之后，但也可以用在happen，pretend以及believe，know，report，say，understand的被動(dòng)式之后：He appears to have been waiting a long ：It appears that he has been waiting a long time.看來(lái)他已經(jīng)等了很久了。He pretended to have been studying. 相當(dāng)于：He pretended that he had been studying.他假裝一直在學(xué)習(xí)的樣子。句型用法在There be句型中的動(dòng)詞不定式：For example one,There are too much homework to write.two,There are students writing too much homework.To不定式在英語(yǔ)中不定式最常用于質(zhì)詞to之后， 例如在 to walk, to cry, to eat, to fear.這種用法叫做toinfinitive。莎士比亞在著作哈姆雷特的獨(dú)白時(shí)就大量采用了這類不定式動(dòng)詞。To be or not to be ...To sleep, perchance to dream ...經(jīng)常跟在to后形成不定式的動(dòng)詞包括:例如:I arranged to stay the night. (我已安定好今晚留在這里。)We intend to go skiing this weekend. (我們打算這個(gè)周末去滑雪。)I swear to honour you. (我發(fā)誓為你增光。)He sought to notify them of this new occurrence.這些有賓詞，然后加上有to的不定式的動(dòng)詞包括 (連同以上帶有星號(hào)的動(dòng)詞): advise, allow, challenge, mand, pel, condemn, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, force, help, induce, inspire, instruct, invite, oblige, order, permit, persuade, prefer, program, remind, teach, tell, train, urge, warn.有些動(dòng)詞之后加 for + 賓詞 +to然后不定式. 通常這些動(dòng)詞包含渴望的意思，不能單單在后面加上賓詞和不定式 (though an infinitive alone may work). 這些動(dòng)詞包括 apply, arrange, ask, call, clamour, long, opt, plead, press, vote, wait, wish, yearn.例如:I have arranged for the neighbour to water the plants. （“我已安排好鄰居給植物給水。”）I pleaded for him to acpany me to the theatre. （“我懇求他陪我去看戲?！保?
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