【導(dǎo)讀】為油田提供滿意服務(wù)。泥漿泵泵出的泥漿液流經(jīng)旁通閥進(jìn)。軸和傳動(dòng)軸傳遞給鉆頭。螺桿鉆具的性能主。要取決于螺桿馬達(dá)的性能參數(shù)。當(dāng)泥漿流量和壓力達(dá)到標(biāo)。力和靜摩擦力時(shí)，彈簧把閥芯頂起，旁通閥孔又處于開啟位置。它由定子和轉(zhuǎn)子組成。鋼管內(nèi)壁上壓注橡膠襯套而成。內(nèi)孔是具有一定幾何參數(shù)的螺旋。子是一根有鍍鉻硬層的螺桿。小;頭數(shù)越多，轉(zhuǎn)速越低，扭矩越大。

　　

【正文】 e a certain energy. 上海奧森油田服務(wù)有限 公司 Shanghai Ocean Oilfield Service Co. Downhole Motor 11 井壁的摩擦及各局部流動(dòng)造成的損失，皆需消耗一定的能量。這一能量損失以壓力損失表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。累加各部分的壓力損失后可計(jì)算出總的壓力損失，按預(yù)計(jì)鉆井深度算出總壓力損失后，就可以作為確定泵壓的一個(gè)參數(shù)，這種大量的壓力損失計(jì)算是很繁瑣的。對(duì)于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)操作者來(lái)說(shuō)可以采用一種簡(jiǎn)便的做法，只要將鉆頭稍稍提離井底，在額定排量下，主管壓力表上的讀數(shù)值就是上述總壓力損失值。 6．鉆具的使用方法 在選擇鉆具及其組合方案時(shí)，應(yīng)制定鉆井作業(yè)計(jì)劃，充分考慮井眼軌跡、鉆頭類 型、規(guī)格、地層結(jié)構(gòu)和水利計(jì)算等細(xì)節(jié)。 6． 1 鉆具下井前的地面檢查； 6． 1． 1 鉆具除提升短節(jié)與旁通閥連接外，其他部分的殼體連接均涂以鎖緊劑。 6． 1． 2 用鉆頭裝卸器把鉆頭裝上，只許用鏈鉗轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)鉆具傳動(dòng)軸頭，而且只能逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)（俯視旋向，下同），以防止內(nèi)部螺紋松扣。 6． 1． 3 吊起提升短節(jié)，把鉆具放入轉(zhuǎn)盤中，把旁通閥置于轉(zhuǎn)盤中易于觀察的位置。用卡瓦把鉆具卡牢，卸去提升短節(jié)。 6． 1． 4 檢查旁通閥：用錘柄或木棒向下壓旁通閥芯，從上部向旁通閥注滿水，此時(shí)旁通閥應(yīng)不漏，水面無(wú)明顯下降，然后挪走木棒，閥芯應(yīng)被彈簧彈 起復(fù)位，所注水應(yīng)從側(cè)面各孔均勻流出，即可認(rèn)為正常。 6． 1． 5 接方鉆桿并下放，使旁通閥位于鉆桿下方便于觀察的地方，開動(dòng)鉆井泵，逐漸提高排量直到旁通閥關(guān)閉，上提鉆具，看鉆頭是否轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，此時(shí)旁通閥處于“關(guān)閉”位置。 The energy loss will be shown from the pressure loss. Total pressure loss can be calculated by accumulating pressure loss in each portion. After calculation of total pressure loss according to the determined drilling depth, it can be a parameter to determine the pump pressure. It is plicated to calculate large amount of pressure loss. Therefore, the site operator can adapt a simple method. Only by lifting the bit a little bit from the bottom, the reading on the pressure gauge of main pipe shall be the mentioned total pressure loss at the rated flow rate. 6. Application When selecting the screw drill and its bination, you should work out drilling program, fully consider hole size, hole trace, bit type, specification, formation structure and hydraulic calculation. Surface Checking Before Tripping in Except lifting the connections between nipple and bypass valve, other connections on shell of screw drill shall be coated with locking agent. Assembly bit on the handling device, Counter clockwise rotate the drive shaft ends only with chain wrench to protect the inside threads from loosening . Hoist lifting sub and put screw drill into turntable and bypass valve into the center in easy watch position. And then clamp tightly screw drill with slips, and disassembly lifting sub. Check bypass valve: Press downward the valve stem with hammer handle or wood stick. Fill water from the top into the valve ,there should no leakage from the valve and no great drop of water level .And then loosen the stick, the valve stem is springed up to its original position. The filled water shall flow out evenly from the side holes. This is normal . 6． 1． 5 Connect and low down the kelly. Put bypass valve under the kelly in easy watch position. Start pump, and gradually increase flow rate till bypass valve is closed. Lift the screw drill to watch bit rotating. Now bypass valve is in ―close‖ position. 上海奧森油田服務(wù)有限 公司 Shanghai Ocean Oilfield Service Co. Downhole Motor 12 不應(yīng)有鉆井液從旁通孔流出，檢查的目的僅是看鉆頭是否旋轉(zhuǎn)，不必持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，操作過(guò)程中應(yīng)避免鉆頭與井口防噴器、井口管線接觸、碰撞。停泵后注意觀察旁通閥是否再次打開，使鉆井液從旁通孔排出。泵未完全停止之前，不要把旁通閥提到轉(zhuǎn)盤 以上，防止污染井臺(tái)。 6． 1． 6 卸下方鉆桿，按設(shè)計(jì)的鉆具組合，分別把彎接頭、無(wú)磁鉆鋌、穩(wěn)定器等接好。將彎接頭擰入旁通閥之前，如果用斜口管鞋座造斜，應(yīng)檢查造斜鍵，保證斜口管鞋座處于正常的工作位置，并保證與接頭的彎頭刻線對(duì)準(zhǔn)。 在所有鉆具組合及鉆桿連接過(guò)程中，注意防止粘扣錯(cuò)扣。為防止操作中移扣，建議裝卸過(guò)程中應(yīng)牢記：鉆頭接頭相對(duì)于殼體的旋向?yàn)楦┮暦磿r(shí)針?lè)较?。違反此項(xiàng)規(guī)定，如反向轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)盤或用轉(zhuǎn)盤旋緊馬達(dá)以上的扣等，就會(huì)造成鉆具內(nèi)部零件的松扣或脫扣，請(qǐng)用戶注意。 6． 2 把鉆具及其組合下到井眼里：盡管鉆具本身外形簡(jiǎn)單 ，且有足夠的剛性，司鉆下放鉆具時(shí)，仍需控制下放速度，否則易被井眼中的沙橋、井眼臺(tái)肩、套管鞋所損壞。遇有這樣的井段，往往需開動(dòng)鉆井泵，慢慢地?cái)U(kuò)大井眼再通過(guò)。 如果用彎接頭或彎殼體，鉆頭側(cè)面就更容易碰上井壁的硬巖層和套管鞋等，因此要周期性的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)鉆具組合，以消除側(cè)鉆的影響。 對(duì)于深井和高溫井，下放鉆具時(shí)建議周期性地進(jìn)行中途循環(huán)，這樣可以防止鉆頭堵塞，或因高溫造成鉆具定子損壞。 There should be no fluid flowing out of bypass hole. To do this is only for checking bit rotation. It should not last longer. In the operation, it should prevent the bit from touching wellhead blowout preventer and flow line. After pump stops, check bypass valve in open position or not, and fluid flowing out of bypass valve or not. Do not lift the valve over turntable until pump pletely stops as to protect the platform from pollution 6． Disassembly kelly and bine the screw drill in accordance with the program. Connect bent sub, nonmagic collar and stabilizer etc. separately . If you make deflection with muleshoe, before twisting bent sub into bypass valve, you should examine deflecting key to ensure muleshoe sitting in normal working position, and align the scale line of connector and bent sub. During the period of screw drill bination and drill pipe connection, pay attention to avoiding thread gluing and alternation. In order to prevent thread from moving in the operation, it is advised to keep in mind: Rotary direction of bit sub opposite the shell is counter clockwise. If you rotate turntable or clamp motor with turntable in wrong direction, thread loosening and thread off will occur on parts inside the screw drill. This is caution for the customers. Trip in the bined screw drill into borehole: Even though the outside of screw drill looks simple and it has enough rigidity, it still needs controlling tripin speed ,when drillers are stripping in screw drill. Otherwise, the screw drill may be damaged by san bridge, hole shoulder or casing shoe in the hole. When this happens, it is usually required to start pump, slowly to extend the hole for its passing. If it is a bent sub or bent shell, it is easily for bit side to touch the hard rock status and casing shoe etc on the bore wall. So periodically rotate screw drill bination to eliminate the influence of lateral drilling. As to deep and hitemperature well, it is adv