【正文】 手冊[M]. 北京: 機械工業(yè)出版社,2001:7588.[10] 國家醫(yī)藥管理局上海醫(yī)藥設(shè)計院. 化工工藝設(shè)計手冊(第一版,上下冊) [M]. 北京: 化學工藝出版社,1989:35268.[11] 國家醫(yī)藥管理局上海醫(yī)藥設(shè)計院. 化工工藝設(shè)計手冊(第二版,上下冊) [M]. 北京: 化學工藝出版社,1996:498602.[12] 化學工業(yè)部化工工藝配管設(shè)計技術(shù)中心站. 管道設(shè)計手冊[M].化工工業(yè)出版社:43346.[13] 周鎮(zhèn)江. 輕化工工廠設(shè)計概論[M]. 北京: 中國輕工業(yè)出版社,1999:2066.[14] 黃曉杰,宋小明,徐長富. AutoCAD 2000機械工程設(shè)計與繪圖教程[M].北京: 北京希望電子出版社,2000:879.[15] . The tribology of rosin. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids[J].Volume 48, Issue 8, 1 August 2000, Pages 16331681.[16] Ayman M. Atta and Reem K. Farag. New vinyl ester resins based on rosin for coating applications[J]. Reactive and Functional Polymers,Volume 66, Issue,12, December 2006, Pages 15961608.附 錄附表1 工藝設(shè)計計算 物料衡算總表 (單位:kg/h)進　　　　料工 序原 料數(shù) 量總 數(shù) 量熔解工序松脂原料松香松節(jié)油水分雜質(zhì)草酸溶液草酸水分熔解油松節(jié)油洗滌水熔解蒸汽冷凝水澄清工序水洗加入水量中層脂液處理補充松節(jié)油合計損失（除去）的量熔解工序熔解器排渣松香松節(jié)油水分雜質(zhì)澄清工序過渡槽排水水雜質(zhì)澄清鍋排廢水水雜質(zhì)草酸乳化松節(jié)油中層脂液殘渣（制黑香）松香松節(jié)油水雜質(zhì)蒸餾工序松香損失優(yōu)油段中油段重油段松節(jié)油損失優(yōu)油段中油段重油段蒸出水分合計產(chǎn)　　　　品松香產(chǎn)品松香松節(jié)油松節(jié)油產(chǎn)品優(yōu)油中油重油合計可出售的產(chǎn)品松香16701670松節(jié)油全年松香產(chǎn)品松節(jié)油產(chǎn)品附表2 工藝設(shè)計計算 熱量衡算總表 (單位:kJ/h)項目工序輸入熱量輸出熱量名稱數(shù)量名稱數(shù)量熔解工序松脂原料松節(jié)油草酸溶液洗滌水蒸汽冷凝送去澄清脂液（含部分雜質(zhì)和全部草酸）松節(jié)油回流熔解器排渣熱損失澄清工序脂液（熔解熱+升溫）補充水補充松節(jié)油送去蒸餾脂液過渡槽排渣澄清鍋排渣中層脂液處理松節(jié)油和水回流熱損失蒸餾工序預熱供熱活汽供熱閉汽供熱預熱需熱量松香升溫松節(jié)油升溫及汽化水分升溫及汽化熱損失總計總計附表3 工藝設(shè)計計算 主要設(shè)備匯總表序號設(shè)備名稱規(guī)格/mm（直徑高）容積/m3備注1螺旋輸送機DN=2002臺2空氣壓縮機Ⅱ1臺4脂液儲罐Φ1100(1400+3002)1個5熔解油罐Φ140021001個6料斗Φ1700(1100+850)1個7進料器1個8熔解鍋Φ1200(2400+275)2個9耙式除渣器1個10緩沖罐Φ150016001個11水洗鍋Φ100016001個12澄清鍋Φ240016003個13過濾籃1個14高/低位鍋Φ175017502個15輸脂泵型號：CQT5032125流量：1臺16換熱器（預熱）型號：G450Ⅰ1臺17蒸餾塔1座18捕沫器5個19冷凝器優(yōu)油中油重油型號：ⅠⅠⅠ3臺20油水分離器優(yōu)油中油重油Φ7601140Φ6501000Φ5408503個21鹽濾器優(yōu)油重油Φ6001000Φ4106202個22儲油罐Φ4200108003個23冷卻塔DBNL3401個24鍋爐Ⅱ1個25中層脂液處理鍋Φ160017201個附表4 工藝設(shè)計計算 閥門匯總表閥門代號名稱連接管徑/mm閥門型號公稱通徑DN/mmＡ1空氣壓縮閥Φ133Z45W10125Ａ2松脂進罐閥Φ1335Z45W10125Ａ3松脂出罐閥Φ1335Z45W10125Ａ4草酸控制閥Φ25Z15T1020Ａ5熔解器進料閥Φ1335Z45W10125Ａ6熔解油控制閥Φ32Z15T1025Ａ7熔解水控制閥Φ32X43T1025Ａ8蒸汽進口閥Φ503J41T1640Ａ9備用蒸汽閥Φ503X43T1040B1緩沖罐進口閥Φ483J41T1640B2緩沖罐出口閥Φ89Z45W1080B3水洗鍋進口閥Φ89Z45W1080B4水洗鍋進口閥Φ95Z45W1080B5澄清鍋出口閥Φ95Z45W1080B6水洗水進水閥Φ32X43T1025B7緩沖罐排渣閥Φ573X43T1050B8水洗鍋排渣閥Φ573X43T1050B9～B10備用蒸汽閥Φ253J41W1620B11澄清鍋排渣閥Φ573X44W650C1高位槽出口閥Φ423Z15T1040C2蒸餾塔進料閥Φ423Z15T1040C3閉汽進口閥Φ383J41T1632C4優(yōu)油活汽閥Φ633J41T1650C5中油活汽閥Φ603J41T1650C6重油活汽閥Φ503J41T1640C7放香閥Φ483Z15T1040C8排污閥Φ573X43T1050C9香槽放香閥Φ483Z15T1040注：閥門的材料均為灰鑄鐵材料附表5 工藝設(shè)計計算 各閥門配用法蘭及墊片匯總表　項目　閥門代號法蘭規(guī)格配用螺栓規(guī)格墊片DN/mm公稱通徑/mm厚度/mm螺孔直徑/mm螺紋尺寸/mm數(shù)量Ａ11252218M168125Ａ21252218M168125Ａ31252218M164125Ａ4201614M12820Ａ51252218M164125Ａ6251614M12425Ａ7251614M12425Ａ8401818M16440Ａ9401818M16440B1401818M16440B2～B4802018M16880B5251614M12425B6502018M16450B7502018M16450B8～B10201614M12420B11502018M16450C1～C2401818M16440C3321818M16432C4～C5502018M16450C6401818M16440C7401818M16440C8502018M16450C9321818M16432C10401818M16440塔體法蘭優(yōu)油：800中重油：6004022M2024800600注：管法蘭采用版式平焊（PL）、突面密封(RF) 墊片采用石棉橡膠材料．代號：GB/ 墊片 RF XB450塔體法蘭采用：JB/T47012000 甲型平焊法蘭外文文獻 Esters of Rosin Acids and Glycidyl EthersWILMER A. ROHDE and GLEN W. HEDRICK,Naval Stores Laboratory,10lustee, Florida 32072Abstract Rosin and hydroxymethyl derivatives of rosin acids react rapidly with mercially available glycidyl ethers to give the hydroxy monoesters of aliphatic ethers. These esters of rosin, oxonated rosin and tetrahydroabietic acid are viscous liquids of low acid number and high hydroxyl number with a light to golden amber color. In the case of 12hydroxymethyltetrahydroabietic acid, the products are colorless gums of a tacky, semisolid consistency. The acid, hydroxyl and saponification values, and the viscosities and softening points are tabulated.Introduction An ongoing project in this laboratory is the mercial utilization of gum rosin and derivatives therefrom in the areas of condensation polymers, polyurethanes, adhesives, tackifiers, etc. In these applications the more potentially useful products of rosin are the hydroxy esters, in particular the polyhydroxy derivatives for use in polyurethane positions presently being studied. Esterifications of rosin acids with monohydric alcohols or glycols in the usual manner require such high temperatures and long reaction times that much diester or, as in the case of the methylolated acids, considerable polyester is formed, due to intermolecular condensation. Olefin epoxides have been shown to be extremely reactive esterifying agents for the tertiary carboxyl of resin acids and provide the hydroxy monoesters in high yield. The mercial availability of longchain glycidyl ethers (P amp。 G Epoxides No. 7 a