【正文】 ere)+表…。否：主語+be(was, were)+not+表…。疑：Was/Were +主+表…？答：肯：Yes, 主+ was/were. 否：No, 主+wasn’t /weren’t.解析：1）be的過去式：am / is—was, are—were. (標出音標)2）was not = wasn’t were not = weren’t (標出音標). 肯：He was very busy last night.否：He wasn’t very busy last night.疑：Was he very busy last night? Yes, he was. No, he weren’t.補充 There be 的過去時：There was/were+…. There was a car race in our town last year.2.“主+謂+賓”結構He studied English yesterday.—He didn’t study English yesterday.—Did he study English yesterday?肯：構成：主+動詞的過去式+賓+…。否：構成：主+didn’t+V原+賓…?？谠E：did 是個“照妖鏡”，后面動詞“現(xiàn)”原形。解析：口訣：助動詞do /does/did后的動詞要求“恢復原形”。一般過去時的助動詞為did. 1) 無be無情必加“助”。一般過去時的助動詞為do +not. 2）在didn’t后，原句中動詞由過去式應“恢復原形”。（切記）3) did not = didn’t 疑：Did+主+V原+賓…？答：肯：Yes, 主+did. 否：No, 主+didn’t. He studied English yesterday. —Did he study English yesterday? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. 特：特殊疑問句的構成：特詞+did+主++其它+？They watched the film at the cinema yesterday. (5部分)1)對“主語”提問：Who watched the film yesterday? They did. 注意：在簡答中，常用相應的助動詞來代替問句中出現(xiàn)過的實義動詞。又如：Who cleans the blackboard for me every day? Miss Gao does. 2) 對“謂賓”提問：What did they do at the cinema yesterday?3)對“賓語”提問： What did they watch at the cinema yesterday?4)對“時間狀語”提問：When did they watch the film at the cinema?5)對“地點狀語”提問：Where did they watch the film yesterday? 三、動詞變化 “規(guī)則動詞”的“過去式”stayed變法：口訣：直、去、雙、變。直：直接+ed: looked ，played, visited。 passed, joined, planted, needed.去：去e+ed: used, changed, typed, prepared, arrived, phoned, shaved, lived, hoped, moved, closed, improved，saved, smiled, danced, decided, baked。 agreed.雙：雙寫尾字母+ed: stopped ， planned，dropped, skipped, nodded, slipped。 preferred, regretted, traveled. 變：輔音字母+y 結尾，變y為i +ed: studied, emptied, carried, tried, worried, hurried, married.巧記不規(guī)則動詞的過去式和過去分詞（必背）一、過去式和過去分詞相同。ABB型動詞原形過 去 式過 去 分 詞意 思1. bring2. build3. burn 4. buy5. catch6. dig7. feel8. fight9. find10. get11. hang12. have 13. hear14. hold15. keep16. learn17. leave18. lend19. lose20. make21. mean22. meet23. pay24. say25. sell26. send27. shine28. sit29. sleep30. smell31. spend32. stand33. sweep34. teach35. tell36. think37. understand38. winbroughtbuiltburnt (burned)boughtcaughtdugfeltfoughtfoundgothunghangedhadheardheldkeptlearnt (learned)leftlentlostmademeantmetpaidsaidsoldsentshone (shined)satsleptsmelt (smelled)spentstoodswepttaughttoldthoughtunderstoodwonbroughtbuiltburnt (burned)boughtcaughtdugfeltfoughtfoundgothunghangedhadheardheldkeptlearnt (learned)leftlentlostmademeantmetpaidsaidsoldsentshone (shined)satsleptsmelt (smelled)spentstoodswepttaughttoldthoughtunderstoodwon帶來建燃燒買抓挖感覺打架發(fā)現(xiàn)得到掛（衣）絞死（上吊）有聽到握保持學習離開借出丟失制造意思是遇到付款說賣送發(fā)光坐睡嗅花費站掃教告訴想理解贏二、動詞的過去分詞是在動詞原形后面加n或en。動詞原形過 去 式過 去 分 詞意 思39. beat40. blow41. draw42. drive43. eat44. fall45. give46. grow47. know48. mistake49. ride50. rise51. see52. show53. take54. throw55. writebeatblewdrewdroveatefellgavegrewknewmistookroderosesawshowedtookthrewwrotebeatenblowndrawndriveneatenfallengivengrownknownmistakenriddenrisenseenshowntakenthrownwritten打吹畫畫駕駛吃下落給生長知道弄錯乘、騎升看見出示, 表現(xiàn)拿走拋、擲寫三、原形、過去式和過去分詞相同。AAA型動詞原形過 去 式過 去 分 詞意 思56. cost 57. cut 58. hit 59. hurt60. let61. put62. read63. shutcostcuthithurtletputread shutcostcuthithurtletputread shut值(多少)錢切、割打傷害、傷痛讓放讀關四、原形中的i，過去式改為a，過去分詞改為u。動詞原形過 去 式過 去 分 詞意 思64. begin65. drink66. ring67. sing68. swimbegandrankrangsangswambegundrunkrungsungswum開始飲響唱游泳五、動詞的過去分詞是在過去式后加n或en。動詞原形過 去 式過 去 分 詞意 思69. break70. choose71. forget72. speak73. wakebrokechoseforgotspokewokebrokenchosenforgottenspokenwoken打碎選擇忘記講醒 六、動詞原形和過去分詞相同。動詞原形過 去 式過 去 分 詞意 思74. bee75. e76. runbecamecameranbeeerun成為來跑七、原形、過去式和過去分詞都不同。ABC 型動詞原形過 去 式過 去 分 詞意 思77. am，is78. are79. do80. fly81. go82. lie83. wearwasweredidflewwentlayworebeenbeendoneflowngonelainworn是是做飛去躺穿八、沒有過去分詞的。動詞原形過 去 式過 去 分 詞意 思84. can85. may86. shall87. willcouldmightshouldwould////能可以將要愿、要、將注意：1. bringbroughtbrought。 buyboughtbought。 fightfoughtfought。 thinkthoughtthought而：catchcaughtcaught。 teachtaughttaught (如里本身動詞中已含有字母a, 則變過去式和過去分詞時，也就帶上a )2. hang的兩種變法區(qū)別：當“掛衣服”講時變hunghung:因g像掛衣服的鉤；當“上吊”講時，需要向上扔一個繩，故hangedhanged：d 像繩一樣。3. 注意hear 與read 變過去式（分詞）后的發(fā)音（標出音標）4. 上表應讓學生分三次背寫完。四、時間狀語1. yesterday系列： . the day before yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…)2. last系列： . last week (month, night …)提示：yesterday evening與last night 區(qū)別記憶方法：長長—短短。yesterday, evening 兩個單詞均較長，last, night 兩個單詞都較短。3. … ago系列： eg: two years ago, three hours ago…4. in+過去時間點系列: . in 2002 in the past（在過去）in the old days（在舊社會）5. just now（剛才）第八章 代詞一 定義：代替名詞以及起名次作用的短語、分句和句子的詞。二 代詞的分類：人稱代詞，物主代詞，和反身代詞，疑問代詞，指示代詞，和不定代詞。第一節(jié) 人稱代詞（一）人稱代詞用法： I love 、 I am a 、Give me that book,Give that book to me. 口訣：我一，你二，他第三，“主格”用在“謂語”前，“賓格”跟在動、介后。（二）不同“人稱”來排列1. You, he and I have a good time. (第二人稱，第三人稱，第一人稱)2 We, you and they like learning English. (第一人稱，第二人稱，第三人稱)3 A policeman and a policewoman are over I and you are wrong.口訣：單數(shù)2, 3, 1. 復數(shù)1, 2, 3，男女出現(xiàn)男優(yōu)先, 承認錯誤“我”在前。（必會表格）人稱格第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)主格Iweyouyouhesheitthey賓格meusyouyouhimheritthem第二節(jié) 物主代詞1. This is