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0。 注意事項: A. 現(xiàn)在完成時是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài),重點表達目前的結(jié)果和狀態(tài)。 B. 表示動作從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在用for + 時間段, since +點時間連用。對for與since短語提問用how long。 C. 現(xiàn)在完成時從不與when引起的疑問句聯(lián)用。 D. have been to:去過… have gone to:去了… have been in:呆在… E. 短暫性動詞變?yōu)檠永m(xù)性動詞: buy have hadborrow have kept make friends have been friends join have been in / have been a member of bee have been a member die have been deadget to know have known e/go to do have done catch a cold have had a cold begin/start to do have done begin / start have been on enter / e / arrive / get to / reach have been in/at go / leave for / set off / set out have been away from10. since,for在現(xiàn)在完成(進行)時中的用法差異(1) since 后接過去的時間點或一般過去時的從句。He has been an English teacher since three years ago.We have known each other since we came to study in this university.(2) for后接時間段。 He has lived here for three years.11. 現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果,強調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況,所以它不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用,如:yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1990等。而一般過去時只表示過去的動作或狀態(tài),和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系,它可以和表示過去的時間狀語連用。如: He has lived here since 1992. 1992年以來他一直住在這里。(他現(xiàn)在還住在這里) He lived here in 1992. 1992年他住在這里。(并不涉及他現(xiàn)在是否住在這里)Unit 10 It’s a nice day, isn’t?1. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事2. look through 瀏覽 a busy street = go/walk across a busy street 穿過一條繁忙的街道 (穿過表面) go through 穿過(空間/房間/森林等) go past 經(jīng)過/路過4. think of 想起、認為 5.e along 出現(xiàn),發(fā)生 ,跟著來6.be friendly to sb. 對某人友好7. get along/on … with sb. 與某人相處的…8. have a birthday party 舉辦一個生日聚會9. at least 至少(反義:at most) 10. at the school dining room 在學(xué)校的餐廳里11. a thankyou note 感謝信 careful (not) to do sth. 小心(不)做某事 like doing=want to do sth. 想做某事 like to do sth./like doing sth. 喜歡做某事would like to do=want to do想要做某事 like sb. to do想要某人做某事feel like …. hope so. 我希望如此。so為代詞,用來表示贊同前面所提及的內(nèi)容。除了hope以外,還有think,believe,suppose,be afraid等,可與so連用。如:Do you think it will rain this afternoon? 你認為下午會下雨嗎?I think/believe/suppose/hope/am afraid so. 我想/相信/猜/希望/恐怕會。注意:用來表示不贊同前面所提及的內(nèi)容,有兩種不同的方法,不可混用。如:I don’t think so. 我不這么想。I hope/suppose/am afraid not. 我希望/猜/恐怕不會這樣。15. Friends like you make it a lot easier to get along in a new place. 有像你這樣的一些朋友,使得我在新的地方很快就適應(yīng)了。16. 陳述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, little等否定含義的詞時,疑問部分用肯定含義。例如:Some plants never blown (開花), do they ? 有些植物從不開花,對嗎?You have never been to Beijing, have you? ( never表達否定含義,后面用肯定)She has few friends, does she? (few表達否定含義,后面用肯定)Tom had little work to do, did he? (little表達否定含義,后面用肯定)You can hardly do the work, can you? (hardly表達否定含義,后面用肯定)Let’s go home, shall we? Don’t be late again/Let us go home, will you?(祈使句用will you。但Let’s開頭的用shall we):(一) 含義:當對所陳述的某種情況不確定而反問對方時,常用反意疑問句表達。(二) 反義疑問句的構(gòu)成:“陳述句+簡略疑問句”構(gòu)成,一般分成兩種情況: 前部分肯定陳述句+后部分否定疑問句;前部分否定陳述句+后部分肯定疑問句;(三) 使用反意疑問句時的注意事項: 前后部分要在人稱上保持一致;(或動詞要保持一致)(和一般疑問句的回答一樣,但要注意中文翻譯)——You aren’t a student,are you? 你不是學(xué)生,是嗎?——Yes,I am./No,I am not. 不,我是。/是的,我不是。但也有一些反意疑問句的反意疑問部分比較特殊,它們有: 1. I am…, aren’t I? …, will you? 3. Let us …, will you ? 4. Let’s …, shall we ?等句式。在補寫時,要多加小心,以免發(fā)生錯誤。 10用心 愛心