新通用大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第三冊(cè)聽力unit-2-資料下載頁(yè)
2025-04-07 00:07本頁(yè)面
【正文】 kers. And they are calling for new technology to identify and cure sleep problems.Passage 2 The Chronic DiseaseChronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Yet health experts say these conditions areoften the most preventable. Chronic diseases include heart disease, stroke, cancer and lung disorders.The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about 17 000 000 early deaths each year.The United Nations agency expects more than 380 000 000 people to die of chronic diseases by the year 2015.It says about 80% of the deaths will happen in developing nations.The . says chronic diseases now cause twothirds of all deaths in the AsiaPacific area. In tenyears it could be almost threefourths. People are getting sick in their most economically productive years.In fact, experts say chronic diseases are killing more middleaged people in poorer countries than in wealthierones.The . estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than 5 000 000 000 dollars in thenext ten years. That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity. Russia andIndia are also expected to face huge economic losses. It says deaths from chronic diseases have increasedlargely as the result of economic gains in many countries.Health officials say as many as 80% of deaths from chronic diseases could be prevented. They say animportant tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol and tobacco to young people. Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and more physical activity.. officials aim through international action to reduce chronicdisease deaths by 2% each year through2015. They say meeting that target could save 36 000 000 lives. That includes 25 000 000 in Asia and thePacific.Passage 3 Anesthesia in OperationAnesthesia is used during operations and other medical procedures to block pain signals from travelingthrough the nervous system. The kind of anesthesia that patients receive depends on their condition and the kind of procedure they need.Local anesthesia is used to make a small area of the body lose feeling. Usually, local anesthesia is forminor procedures, like fixing a tooth or closing a wound. The person remains fully awake.General anesthesia makes a person fall asleep. This is known as being “put under”. The drugs areinjected into the blood or breathed as gas. General anesthesia also blocks memory.People are not supposed to remember an operation when they wake up. In rare cases, they do. TheMayo Clinic says patients may have a sense of their surroundings during about onefifth of one percent ofall operations. It says they generally do not feel pain, but may wish to talk to a mental health provider if thememories trouble them.An anesthesiologist is a doctor specially trained to give anesthesia. During an operation, theanesthesiologist will observe the patient’s heart rate, blood pressure and amount of oxygen in the blood. Abreathing tube may be put into the person’s windpipe to aid breathing.There are, of course, risks to anesthesia. People can have different reactions to the drugs. Mistakes canhappen. But medical experts say the safety of anesthesia has greatly improved.
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