【正文】 pants overestimated their sense of humor by about 16 percentage points. This might be thought of as the “aboveaverage effect” , the notion that most Americans would rate themselves as above average, a statistical impossibility. The researchers also conducted pilot studies of doctors and gun enthusiasts. The doctors overestimated how well they had performed on a test of medical diagnoses and the gun fanciers thought they knew more than they actually did about gun safety. So who should be trusted: The person who admits inpetence of the one who shows confidence? Neither, according to Dunning. “you can’t take them at their word. You’ve got to take a look at their performance,” Dunning added. 63. Why do inpetent people rarely know they are inept? A. They are too inept to know what petence is B. They are not skillful at logical reasoning, grammar, and sense of humor. C. They lack the basic skills to evaluate their performance realistically. D. They have some ability to over criticize themselves. 64. Which of the following statement is NOT true, according to the passage? A. Students at Cornell University often rated themselves highly even when they flubbed all questions in a reasoning test. B. Grammar was an area in which objective knowledge was helpful in determining petence. C. Participants in the test estimated their sense of humor by about 16 percentage points. D. Students scored better on a logical reasoning test but rated themselves lower. 65. What do you know about “aboveaverage effect” based on the passage? A. Most Americans assess themselves as above average. B. American doctors overestimated how well they had performed on a test of medical diagnoses. C. American gun enthusiasts thought they knew more than they actually did about gun safety. D. All of the above. Part BDirections: Read the following passage carefully and then give short answers to the five questions. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET2. Both in America and Britain there is an eagerness on the part of TV executives to play down the importance of the small screen, except .of course, if the field of selling goods. This desire to minimize the social impact of TV is perfectly natural. If it could be conclusively proved that the electronic box was a major factor in determining the attitudes and the values of a nation then two awkward questions would have to be answered. Is it right that a medium that has such influence should be primarily concerned with the provision of entertainment and the advertising of goods? And an even more embarrassing question people might ask is whether the men now running TV have the authority. The understanding or the intelligence to be in control of such a vital part of the state apparatus. Because it is disrupting and disturbing life on almost every level in America and Britain, and because it is largely Indulged in by what might be described as the first “telly generation”, violence is the activity that has been most frequently linked with the consequences of TV. There are other even more important trends that might be stimulated or provoked by the program content of TV. The demoralization of institutions like the army, the church。 the contempt for authority, a healthy skepticism and a wele permissiveness。 an oversimplification of plex issues which makes an electorate(選民) impatient with a political process that cannot solve them. How much is TV responsible? And that these trends are helping to change society at a unprecedented rate can hardly be denied. Because the impact of these changes is relatively longterm and not easily pinpointed. there is a vast depth of unconcern about these developments. On violence, however, there is an intuitive suspicion that TV might have something to do with it. yet the men running TV have gone to considerable lengths to assure us that we are unduly alarmed about nothing. 66. In order to avoid the repetitions of the word “television”, what other nouns does the author use? Please list at least four. 67. Can you use another word in this passage to tale the place of “play down ”in ? 68. Why are TV executives in America and Britain eager to play down the importance of TV? 69. Why do people believe that TV has something to do with increasing violence? 70. What is the author’s attitude toward the argument over TV’s influence? Section V Translation (10 points) Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET2. Lange, multinational corporations may be the panies whose ups and downs seize headlines. (71) But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economy’s vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhood services and are factories. Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100workers,now employ 60 percent of the workforce and expected to generate half of all new jobs between now and the year 2,000. Some million small forms have opened their doors over the past 6 years of economic growth, and 1989 will see an additional 200,000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own. Too many of these pioneers, however, will blaze ahead unprepared. Idealists will overestimate the clamor for their products or fail to factor in the petition. Nearly everyone will underestimate, often fatally .the capital that success requires. (72) Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quit the corporation and find another way to support themselves, may savor the idea of being their own boss but may forget that entrepreneurs must also. at least for a while, be bookkeepers and receptionists, too. According to Samll Business Administration data, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are likely to disappear in two years, and 27 more will have shut their