【正文】 this big fire on the forest. Besides, the last fire is also a signal of hope. “As a matter of fact, the end of the story connotes some hope of surviving well and good.” (Chang Yaoxin 2006:502) As a result, from the first fire to the last fire, to the ing of the captain, the developing society is a nightmare with the ing of Industry Age because of the change of the value and nature of humans. Island: paradise and hellThe island also represents the goodness and evilness in this novel. On the one hand, it stands for a paradise where children live in an independent and happy life without the rule of adults. On the other hand, it signifies the hell which is full of danger and deception.At first glance, the island is like a wonderful heaven where is full of life, such as lots of flowers, fruits, and animals. It is really an ideal place to live. On the island, these boys elect their leader, divide works and cooperate with others. Their leader, Ralph, formulates a series of rules—people has right to speak when holding the conch and takes turns to protect the fire on the top of mountain. Then, they build shelters together, have meetings regularly, protect the fire on the top of mountain alternately, pick up fruits, hunt for pigs and set up the place for boys aged five or six to shit. These all actions imply that these boys isolated live in a harmonious small society. However, unfortunately, the fruits children picked up cause diarrhea and stomachaches. Because of this, children detest fruits and await delicious pigs. And, what Ralph has said to keep the fire is less important than hunting for pigs. Little by little, they are not interested in killing pigs at all, but long for pursuing more excitements. What Jack said to Ralph—you should see the blood really— is the key point to reveal the real purpose of killing.(Yan Wenjuan amp。 Gao Jianbo 2009: 100) Of course, the environment on the island is disgusting. It is heat overwhelmingly. Boys aged five or six are afraid of the island because of their imaged beast and nightmares. The jungle on the island is also a symbol of hell. It shows the dangerous side of the island. In the above passage, it is clear that the island has two sides—goodness and evilness which are representatives of human beings. It also shows that just like human beings, nature has its two sides—goodness and evilness, too. Perhaps the changes in nature are caused by mankind. The Development and Change Between Goodness and EvilnessThe author of Lord of the Flies uses many symbols to express one theme: human nature. There are many kinds of statements about human nature in all ages. Some people think that the human nature is good fundamentally, however, others hold that the human nature is evil essentially. From reading the novel carefully, the human nature can be analyzed in two aspects—goodness and evilness.The principal line of this novel is the development and change between goodness and evilness. The goodness and evilness in this Lord of the Flies is not absolute. They state that “It is not appropriate to say that the human nature is good or evil absolutely. And it is more impersonal that the human nature has its own tendency between goodness and evilness.”(Li Xiaofangamp。 Hui Xia 2005:94) All the things such as heroes, environments, and objects have undergone the change between goodness and evilness. There are two main heroes—Ralph and Jack in this novel, who stands for the aspect of goodness and evilness separately. However, they are not always the representatives of good or evil. The author wants to model Ralph as a “good angel”. To a large extent, he is not a symbol of goodness pletely. For example, at the beginning of the novel, Ralph tries to establish a democracy and order society. But he joins in killing Simon and eating meats Jack hunts later. So, as a leader, he is in a state of irresolution. Of course, Jack doesn’t always play a role of demon. Because he also attempts to establish a harmonious society and wants to be rescued when these boys reach the island first. At the same time, he has encouragements to apologize for his neglect. Besides, the environment of the island is also a key point to present the change and development of goodness and evilness. Although Golding doesn’t points out the exact place where the story of this novel takes place, he describes it in details. The environment is peaceful and pretty when they have been in the island for the first time. “They were on the lip of a circular hollow in the side of the mountain. This was filled with a blue flower, a rock plant of some sort, and the overflow hung down the vent and spilled lavishly among the canopy of the forest. The air was thick with butterflies, lifting, fluttering, settling. ” (William Golding 1999:15) Little by little, the environment is being dangerous and ugly, which make boys fear afraid. The interesting and active jungle develops into a dangerous adventure. It also can be regarded as a developing between goodness and evilness. Besides, the sea is also an important thing in this novel. The island is surrounded by the sea which is a symbol of a barrier between good and evil. When the island is in a state of chaos and evil, the other side of sea may be in peace and calm.In the above passage, the goodness and evilness of human nature is not separate. It is being changeable and fighting endlessly. Therefore, according to the symbolic meaning of the characterization, objects and environment on the island, it can be found that the human nature has its own tendency between goodness and evilness. 3. ConclusionLord of the Flies is Golding’s most influential novel, not only because of his simple fable and excellent writing skills, but also of his expression on the theme of human nature. Perhaps influenced by his own experiences, Golding holds a pessimistic view on the theme he wants to express. In a sense, there are some good changes that give readers a kind of hope for future