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【正文】 n taught. Huck bases these decisions on his experiences, his own sense of logic, and what his developing conscience tells him. On the raft, away from civilization, Huck is especially free from society39。s rules, able to make his own decisions without restriction. Through deep introspection, he es to his own conclusions, unaffected by the accepted—and often hypocritical—rules and values of Southern culture. By the novel39。s end, Huck has learned to ―read‖ the world around him, to distinguish good, bad, right, wrong, menace, friend, and so on. His moral development is sharply contrasted to the character of Tom Sawyer, who is influenced by a bizarre mix of adventure novels and Sundayschool teachings, which he bines to justify his outrageous and potentially harmful escapades. The Hypocrisy of “Civilized” Society ? When Huck plans to head west at the end of the novel in order to escape further ―sivilizing,‖ he is trying to avoid more than regular baths and mandatory school attendance. Throughout the novel, Twain depicts the society that surrounds Huck as little more than a collection of degraded rules and precepts that defy logic. This faulty logic appears early in the novel, when the new judge in town allows Pap to keep custody of Huck. The judge privileges Pap39。s ―rights‖ to his son as his natural father over Huck39。s welfare. At the same time, this decision ments on a system that puts a white man39。s rights to his ―property‖—his slaves—over the welfare and freedom of a black man. In implicitly paring the plight of slaves to the plight of Huck at the hands of Pap, Twain implies that it is impossible for a society that owns slaves to be just, no matter how ―civilized‖ that society believes and proclaims itself to be. Again and again, Huck encounters individuals who seem good—Sally Phelps, for example—but who Twain takes care to show are prejudiced slaveowners. This shaky sense of justice that Huck repeatedly encounters lies at the heart of society39。s problems: terrible acts go unpunished, yet frivolous crimes, such as drunkenly shouting insults, lead to executions. Sherburn39。s speech to the mob that has e to lynch him accurately summarizes the view of society Twain gives in Huckleberry Finn: rather than maintain collective welfare, society instead is marked by cowardice, a lack of logic, and profound selfishness.
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