【正文】 tongue is due to yin deficiency. Since there is no fire, the coating is still white, but it may be greasy if the wind is bined with phlegm. A stringy and forceful pulse signifies upstirring of yang and wind. of the liver wind (Production of internal wind due to extreme heat) (1) ? Summarize: ? This refers to febrile convulsions. of the liver wind (Production of internal wind due to extreme heat) (2) ? Clinical manifestations: ? High fever with delirium or loss of consciousness and opisthotonos。 reddened or deepred tongue and stringy, rapid pulse. of the liver wind (Production of internal wind due to extreme heat) (3) ? Syndrome analysis: ? In this syndrome the internal wind is derived from extreme heat. Treme pathogenic heat often invades the percardium, leading to delirium or loss of consciousness. When the heat invades the liver meridian, it induces internal wind, resulting in convulsions and opisthotonos. A reddened or deepred tongue and a stringy and rapid pulse are consistent with invasion of the liver by heat. of the liver wind (Production of internal wind due to deficiency of yin) (1) ? Summarize: ? This is often encountered in chronic neurological diseases marked by involuntary movements. of the liver wind (Production of internal wind due to deficiency of yin) (2) ? Clinical manifestations: ? Tremors or numbness of the limbs, involuntary head shaking, pale tongue and stringy, thready pulse. of the liver wind (Production of internal wind due to deficiency of yin) (3) ? Syndrome analysis: ? The liver supplies blood to nourish the tendons. Deficiency of liver blood impairs the normal functioning of the tendons, resulting in numbness and involuntary movements. A pale tongue with a stringy pulse indicates deficiency of liver blood. of the liver wind (or “l(fā)iver wind” for short) (4) ? Herbal formula : ? Tianma Gouteng yin (p306) in the liver and gallbladder(1) ? Summarize: ? The dampheat that invades the liver and gallbladder may be either exogenous or endogenous. The endogenous dampheat es from excessive intake of greasy food. The syndrome often occurs in icteric jaundice, acute cholecystitis and cholelithiasis in western medicine. in the liver and gallbladder(2) ? Clinical manifestations: ? Hypochondriac distension and pain, better taste in the mouth, poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, scanty and darkyellow urine, yellow sticky or greasy tongue coating and a stringy, rapid pulse. In addition, there may be alternate chills and fever, or yellow discoloration of the sclera and skin. Eczema of the scrotum, swelling and burning pain in the testis or yellow, foul leukorrhea with pruritus of the vulva also suggest dampheat in the liver meridian. in the liver and gallbladder(3) ? Syndrome analysis: ? Dampheat impairs the free flow of qi in the liver and gallbladder, causing hypochondriac distension and pain. The upward flow of gallbladder qi gives rise to a bitter taste in the mouth. The accumulation of dampheat also impairs the functions of the spleen and the stomach in ascending and descending, causing poor appetite, nausea, vomiting and abdominal distension. Scanty and darkyellow urine is due to downward infusion of dampheat into the bladder. yellow sticky or greasy tongue coating with a stringy and rapid pulse is consistent with dampheat in the liver and gallbladder. in the liver and gallbladder(3) ? When the dampheat leads to confrontation between the antipathogenic and pathogenic factors in the gallbladder, alternate chills and fever arise. If the normal flow of bile is obstructed by dampheat, the bile will spread to the exterior portion of the body and result in yellow discoloration of the sclera and skin. Since the liver meridian curves around the external genitalia, downward infusion of dampheat may result eczema of the scrotum, or swelling of and a burning pain in the testis in men, and yellow, foul leukorrhea with pruritus of the vulva in women. in the liver and gallbladder(4) ? Herbal formula: ? Longdan Xiegan Tang (p269) ? (Decoction of Gentian to Purge the Liver) of kidney yin (1) ? Summarize: ? The mon causes of deficient kidney yin include impairment of the kidneys by a protracted disease, weak constitution or poor natural endowment, sexual overindulgence and excessive use of warming, desiccating drugs. The syndrome is often seen in chronic debility, tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, chronic nephritis, disorders of the sexual function, sterility. of kidney yin (2) ? Clinical manifestations: ? Soreness and weakness of the loins and knees, impaired hearing, tinnitus。 seminal emission, oligospermia and sterility in men, and amenorrhea and infertility in women。 afternoon fever, malar flush, heat sensation in the chest, palms and soles, night sweating, reddened tongue with scanty or no coating, and a deep, thready pulse. of kidney yin (3) ? Syndrome analysis: ? The syndrome is characterized by mon symptoms of kidney disorders and deficiency of yin with endogenous heat. Because the kidneys replenish marrow, which is believed to be the substance that nourishes the bones, and particularly because the loins are where the kidneys are located, deficiency of kidney yin usually brings about soreness and weakness of the loins and knees. The kidneys have a specific relationship with the ears, so deficiency of kidney yin often causes tinnitus and impairs the hearing. of kidney yin (3) ? Since kidney yin includes the reproductive essence, deficiency of kidney yin may be associated with oligospermia and sterility in males, and amenorrhea and infertility in females. Deficiency of kidney yin often leads to ex