【導(dǎo)讀】Budgets預(yù)算。Cabiministers內(nèi)閣部長。Parliamentarians議員。Thepublic公眾。Courtsandtribunals法庭。PrivyCouncilOffice[Legislation&HousePlanning,Machineryof. Otherdepartments其他政府部門。Othergovernments其他政府

　　

【正文】 ions – three stages 制定法規(guī) 3個步驟 The three main stages in the process we will examine today are 今天討論的 3個步驟是： 1. policy development and refinement 政策發(fā)展制定和提高 ? Triage 篩選 ? consideration of instrument choice 考慮選擇工具 ? costbenefit assessment 成本效益評估 ? consultation (often prepublication) 咨詢 (提前公布） 2. drafting the text 文本起草 ? similar in process to Acts with various supporting personnel 與法律程序相同，由各種支持人員開展實施。 3. fulfilling Statutory Instrument Act requirements 滿足法定規(guī)范法的要求 25 Regulationmaking – third stage (SIA) 法規(guī)制定 第三階段 3. Statutory Instrument Act requirements:法定規(guī)范法要求： ? examination by Clerk of Privy Council in consultation with Deputy Minister of Justice (s. 3) 由樞密院秘書長審查，并與司法部副部長協(xié)商咨詢 (a) Is it authorized by the statute under which it is to be made? 它是由法律授權(quán)制定嗎？ (b) Does it constitute an unusual or unexpected use of the authority under which it is to be made? 制定該法規(guī)會構(gòu)成特殊的或未預(yù)料的權(quán)力使用嗎 (c) Does it trespass unduly on existing rights and freedoms, or is it contrary to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the Canadian Bill of Rights? And 它會侵犯現(xiàn)有權(quán)利和自由，或它會與加拿大人權(quán)法案和加拿大權(quán)利與自由憲章發(fā)生沖突嗎？ (d) Are the form and draftsmanship of the proposed regulation in accordance with established standards? 法規(guī)形式和起草是否與現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一致 ? registration (s. 5) 登記 ? [ing into force (s. 9)] – generally es into force on registration 生效，通常在登記時生效 ? publication (s. 11) – unless exempted, needs to be published in the Canada Gazette 公布 除非被豁免，都需要在加拿大公報上公布 ? scrutiny (s. 19) – A joint mittee of Senators and Members of the House of Commons examines every regulation (grounds similar to s. 3 above) 備案檢查 參眾兩院聯(lián)合委員會檢查每一個法規(guī) (與樞密院檢查范圍相同） 26 Final notes – 1. Cabi Directive on Lawmaking 最后注解 導(dǎo) Directives from the federal Cabi: 來自聯(lián)邦內(nèi)閣的指導(dǎo) ? Consider necessity of legislation 考慮立法的必要性 ? Consider constitutionality 考慮憲法性 ? Ensure harmony of Acts and regulations 確保法律和法規(guī)協(xié)調(diào)一致 ? Ensure supports for bilingual and bijural drafting 確保雙語雙體系起草 ? Participate in planning of gov’t legislative program 參與政府立法活動規(guī)劃 ? Follow any other directions issued by Clerk of the Privy Council (Guide to making federal Acts and Regulations) 遵守樞密院秘書長發(fā)布的其他指示（聯(lián)邦法律和法規(guī)制定綱要） – Consider conformity/harmony with ? quasiconstitutional Acts ? Acts of general application ? legal principles of general application 考慮是否與其他類似憲法類法律，通用法律和通用法律的司法原則一致統(tǒng)一 27 Final notes – 2. Keeping legislation in good shape 最后注解 位 It is not only necessary to enact legislation。 it is necessary to maintain it. Here are four ways by which this (sometimes) happens in Canada federally:不僅需要 通過法律，更需要維護(hù)法律。加拿大聯(lián)邦層面有如下 4種方式： 1. Comprehensive Revision – under the Statute Revision Act, the Minister of Justice can appoint a 3member Commission to prehensively revise the entire body of federal Acts or regulations (. Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985。 Consolidated Regulations of Canada, 1978). 全面修訂 依照法律修訂法，司法部長可以指定 3人委員會，來全面修訂聯(lián)邦法律或法規(guī)的全文（如：加拿大法律修正 1985，加拿大法規(guī)匯編 1978） 2. Reenactments of Acts or regulations – when an Act or regulation loses its anization and coherence, usually through having been amended frequently (barnacling), the responsible department can take the initiative to redraft it and present it for reenactment. (Same as any other bill) 重新通過法律或法規(guī) 由于經(jīng)常受到修正，當(dāng)一個法律或法規(guī)失去其組織形式和連貫性，相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)部門可以提出重新起草和提交通過（程序與其他議案相同） 3. Miscellaneous Statute Law Amendment Acts – in theory regularly, the government presents a bill to Parliament that corrects many small but not controversial errors that have crept into Acts. 成文法修正案其他約定 理論上，政府向議會提交的議案會糾正法律中一些有小的但并非有爭議的錯誤 4. Omnibus amending regulations – a similar process is sometimes used to amend multiple regulations to correct similar errors. 綜合修正法規(guī) 有時會使用一個類似的程序，用于修正多個法規(guī)中的相同錯誤