【正文】 t let your children play with matches. Let the work be done immediately.（2）make + 賓語(yǔ) + do （讓……做……） make + 賓語(yǔ) + done （讓……被做）如：He often made us copy the text. I tried to make me understood by my gestures.（make后面不用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）（3）have + 賓語(yǔ) + do （讓……做……） have + 賓語(yǔ) + doing （讓……持續(xù)地做……） have + 賓語(yǔ) + done （讓……被做）(have + 賓語(yǔ) + doing結(jié)構(gòu)用于否定句中表示“容忍”)如：Mother had me go to the shop and bought some salt. He has me moving towards the door. I’ll have my bike repaired tomorrow. I won’t have you speaking to your mother like that.（4）get + 賓語(yǔ) + to do （讓……做……） get + 賓語(yǔ) + doing （讓……開始做……） get + 賓語(yǔ) + done （讓……被做）(get后面接帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))如：Mother got me to go to the shop and bought some salt. He gets me moving towards the door. I’ll get my bike repaired tomorrow. 以上使役動(dòng)詞既可接不帶to的不定式（get除外）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)必須帶上to），又可以接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（let, make除外），還可以接過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程或已經(jīng)完成，接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，接過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。如：He often made us copy the were often made to copy the text.3. advise，allow，permit，forbid等動(dòng)詞的后面接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但有名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，注意他們的被動(dòng)式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：The doctor advised taking a week39。s rest. The doctor advised us to take a week39。s were advised to take a week39。s rest.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： 含不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式變成了主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：I asked him to do was asked to do it. He let me do was let to do it. I heard him sing this song last was heard to sing this song last night.含分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的分詞變成了主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：The missing boy was last seen playing near the river. （作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)） The soldier39。s wound was left exposed. （作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）5. leave后接非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的四種結(jié)構(gòu)：leave sb doing sth 讓某人一直做某事leave sth undone/unfinished 留下某事未做leave sb to do sth 留下某人做某事leave sth to be done 留下某事要做如：It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running.The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious.He left, leaving me to do all the rest work.We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled. 四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的其他用法 （一）、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的三大結(jié)構(gòu)1. 不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) （1）、結(jié)構(gòu)及用法：一般說(shuō)來(lái)，不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者為句子的主語(yǔ)，但有時(shí)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是句子的主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)必須使用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：“for/of + 名詞/代詞 + to do”，這一結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)等。如：For him to get there on time is possible. I found it hard for them to finish the work in such a short time. Their hope is for Mary to live with them. There will be a lot of difficulties for them to overe. The poem is too hard for me to understand.（2）、“It is + 形容詞 + for/of sb. to do sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)中for和of的判定：在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果作表語(yǔ)的形容詞能夠說(shuō)明sb的品格、品質(zhì)時(shí)用of.，否則用for.如：It is kind of you to do it. It is easy for him to do it. 2. 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)及用法：動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)為“名詞所有格（n39。s）/形容詞性物主代詞（one39。s）+ doing...”，動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是名詞所有格或名詞性物主代詞，這一結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可以作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。如：Mary39。s ing late made her parents angry. Would you mind my opening the window？注意：在口語(yǔ)中，當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語(yǔ)，特別是當(dāng)它作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞所有格可以用名詞普通格代替，形容詞性物主代詞也可以用代詞賓格代替；同時(shí)，當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是無(wú)生命的事物名詞或較長(zhǎng)的名詞詞組時(shí)，只能用名詞的普通格而不能用名詞的所有格形式。如：He thought of passenger（39。s）waiting for help. He insisted on me/my going to help her. I know nothing about the window being open. Haven’t you forgotten Mary and her mother doing everything to help you out when you were in trouble？3. 分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)及用法： 一般說(shuō)來(lái)，分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)，但如果分詞帶上了與句子主語(yǔ)不同的屬于自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)（名詞（普通格）/代詞主格）作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞及其邏輯主語(yǔ)一起稱為分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)為“名詞（普通格）/代詞（主格）+ doing/done”，常常在句中作狀語(yǔ)（常用逗號(hào)與句子隔開）。如：The meeting being over，we all left the room. Weather permitting，they will go and visit the zoo. So many friends being absent，we decided to put off the party. She looked at her father，tears rolling down her cheeks. He lay on his back，his hands crossed under his head.注意：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)不僅僅只有分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，還包括由不定式、形容詞、副詞或介詞構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如：The exam to be held tomorrow，I could not go to the cinema tonight. He entered the room，his nose red with cold. He put on his socks wrong side out. Peter was sitting near the fire，his back towards the door. （二）、不定式的其他用法補(bǔ)充：1不定式作賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充：（1）在動(dòng)詞hope, want, plan, expect, intend, mean, promise, wish的過(guò)去式之后用不定式的完成式作賓語(yǔ)，表示本來(lái)希望或打算做而未做的事，?？梢耘chad + 這些動(dòng)詞ed + to do…結(jié)構(gòu)互換。如：I hoped to have met you at the airport, but I was too busy. = I had hoped to meet you at the airport, but I was too busy. I intended to have called on you.= I had intended to call on you. 我原想來(lái)拜訪你的。 （2）作介詞的賓語(yǔ) 不定式可以作介詞but和except的賓語(yǔ)。 The teacher made no ments except to tell him to work hard. 老師除了叫他努力學(xué)習(xí)外，未做任何評(píng)價(jià)。 He had no choice but to sit there as usual. 他沒有什么選擇，只好像往常一樣坐在那兒。注意：①如果此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有do的各種形式，不定式要省去to.I have done nothing except eat and sleep this week.I couldn39。t do anything but wait here.②在下列短語(yǔ)后，but之后只能跟不帶to的不定式。do nothing but 只能cannot but禁不住……do anything but決不cannot choose but只得……cannot help but不得不His father could do nothing but wait for the doctor to arrive.We would do anything but confess(承認(rèn))our 。She couldn39。t help but laugh at his 。I cannot but admire(欽佩) his courage.I could not choose but love 。 （3）作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)不定式作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)有兩種句型，一個(gè)是句子的主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，另一個(gè)是句子的主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)。 ①句子的主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。這類形容詞有able, afraid, angry, anxious, careful, clever, content, cruel, determined, disappointed, eager, foolish, fortunate, frightened, happy, impatient, glad, lucky, naughty, prepared, proud, ready, slow, shocked, sorry, surprised, willing等。 I am sorry to say that he is going from bad to worse. 很遺憾，他的情況每況愈下 She was not content to live a quiet life in a small town. 她不滿足在一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)里過(guò)默默無(wú)聞的生活。 John was happy to be given the job. 約翰得到這份工作很高興。 ②句子的主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)。這類形容詞有easy, hard, cheap, expensive, dangerous, difficult, funny, fit, impossible, interesting, nice, pleasant, simple, strange, useful等。 This problem is easy to solve. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題很容易解決。 The water is not fit to drink. 這水不適于飲用。 She is hard to get along with. 她這個(gè)人很難相處。 注意：在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，則必須加上結(jié)構(gòu)或含義所需的介詞。 The river is dangerous to swim in. 在這條河里游泳很危險(xiǎn)。 A spring mattress is fortable to