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【正文】 copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 雇主的歧視 ? 按發(fā)色區(qū)分工人的經(jīng)濟(jì) –“黑發(fā)”公司倒閉 –最終： ? 金發(fā)碧眼的 –工人需求上升 ? 黑色的 –工人需求下降 ? 工資差異消失 –競(jìng)爭(zhēng)市場(chǎng) ? 對(duì)雇主歧視有自然的補(bǔ)救 31 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 電車上的種族隔離與利潤(rùn)動(dòng)機(jī) ? 20世紀(jì)初期 –在南方的許多城市有軌電車被種族隔離 ?白人乘客坐在電車前面 ?黑色乘客坐在后面 32 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 電車上的種族隔離與利潤(rùn)動(dòng)機(jī) ? 為什么 ? –法律要求這樣的隔離 –在這些法律通過(guò)之前，在座位上的種族歧視是罕見的 –常見將吸煙者和非吸煙者隔離 33 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 電車上的種族隔離與利潤(rùn)動(dòng)機(jī) ? 經(jīng)營(yíng)電車的企業(yè) –經(jīng)常反對(duì)要求種族隔離的法律 –不同種族的獨(dú)立座位 ?提高公司的成本 ?降低企業(yè)利潤(rùn) 34 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 電車上的種族隔離與利潤(rùn)動(dòng)機(jī) ? 一般化問題 –企業(yè)主 謀取利潤(rùn) ?比歧視特殊群體更感興趣 –當(dāng)公司出現(xiàn)歧視行為 ?歧視的最終來(lái)源往往不在于企業(yè)本身，而在于其他地方 35 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 歧視經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) ? 顧客與政府的歧視 –利潤(rùn)動(dòng)機(jī)能修正能力的限制 –顧客偏好（歧視） ? 愿意支付以繼續(xù)保持歧視性的做法 –政府政策 ? 強(qiáng)制歧視實(shí)踐 36 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use. 體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中的歧視 ? 衡量歧視通常很困難 –矯正生產(chǎn)力差異 ? 專業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)伍 –可以衡量生產(chǎn)率 –種族歧視是普遍的 ?大部分的責(zé)任在于客戶 ?歧視工資差距可以持續(xù) ?即使團(tuán)隊(duì)所有者只關(guān)心利潤(rùn) ? 老棒球隊(duì)員卡的市場(chǎng)價(jià)格 –顧客歧視 37 169。 2022 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a passwordprotected website for classroom use
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