【正文】 ；電機(jī)正 /反 轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)測(cè)試論證，結(jié)果表明該驅(qū)動(dòng)器基本滿足設(shè)定的功能要求，性能良好。 實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器： (1)兩相混合式步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)本體實(shí)物圖如下圖 22 所示。 圖 22 二相混合式步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)本體 (2) 高性能二相混合式步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器 (3) UTB 數(shù)字萬(wàn)用表 (4) 6A 直流電源，生產(chǎn)廠家：石家莊無(wú)線電十廠 (5) 直流電流表，生產(chǎn)廠家：上海第二電表廠 (6) TDS220 示波器，生產(chǎn)廠家： Tektronix 試驗(yàn)內(nèi)容和結(jié)論 (1)工作電壓范圍檢測(cè)：調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)輸入電壓，觀察電路各部分能否正常工作，方 26 法就是用萬(wàn)用表測(cè)試供電 電路主要元器件的電壓輸出。測(cè)試結(jié)果表明，當(dāng)系統(tǒng)輸入電壓為 12V～ 50V 時(shí)，電機(jī)空載運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常，系統(tǒng)中的各種電源工作可靠，符合系統(tǒng)預(yù)設(shè)要求。 (2)工作電流范圍檢測(cè)：測(cè)試結(jié)果表明電機(jī)工作電流在 5A 以下均能正常工作。 (3)驅(qū)動(dòng)方向檢測(cè)：由遙控器通過(guò)控制菜單發(fā)出正 /反轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)行指令，電機(jī)能按照指令要求以正確的方向運(yùn)行。 27 總結(jié) 本文所做的主要工作總結(jié)如下： (1) 理論方面對(duì)主要的幾種步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理和優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)及步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)的應(yīng)用和研究概況進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。重點(diǎn)對(duì)四相式步進(jìn)電機(jī)，研究了它的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)、運(yùn)行特性和數(shù)學(xué) 模型的建立。對(duì)步進(jìn)電機(jī)傳統(tǒng)的和新型的各種驅(qū)動(dòng)方式進(jìn)行了分析和比較。 (2) 硬件方面很好地運(yùn)用了單片機(jī)和可編程邏輯器件進(jìn)行控制，運(yùn)用光電隔離、提高了電路的抗干擾能力。對(duì)整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的軟件也進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。 (3) 通過(guò)外部遙控器輸入正 /反轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)行信號(hào)和不同的運(yùn)行方式信號(hào)對(duì)系統(tǒng)性能進(jìn)行測(cè)試，得出相應(yīng)的結(jié)論。 本論文的一些創(chuàng)新之處： (1) 采用遙控器進(jìn)行運(yùn)行方式的控制。 (2) 能控制單極性跟雙極性兩種步進(jìn)電機(jī)。 (3) 系統(tǒng)無(wú)論是在硬件還是軟件系統(tǒng)中都采用模塊化的設(shè)計(jì)方法。這使得系統(tǒng)擴(kuò)展起來(lái)比較方便，系統(tǒng)可移 植性高，增加了系統(tǒng)的靈活性和可靠性，具有廣泛的適應(yīng)性。 28 致謝 本設(shè)計(jì)是在張懷宇老師的精心指導(dǎo)下完成的，在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，老師提供了大量的設(shè)計(jì)資料，給予了無(wú)微不至的關(guān)懷與幫助。從她那里，我感覺(jué)不僅僅學(xué)到的是專業(yè)知識(shí)，還學(xué)習(xí)到了工作的態(tài)度以及對(duì)事業(yè)的追求，這將對(duì)以后出身社會(huì)，參加工作起著非常重要的作用。她引導(dǎo)著我走向理想的彼岸，向著成功的高峰不斷進(jìn)取，克服一個(gè)有又一個(gè)挫折，直奔喜悅的大堂。在此，向他們以及支持和幫助過(guò)此次設(shè)計(jì)編寫(xiě)的人表示衷心的感謝。 最 后還要感謝大學(xué) 三 年來(lái)所有的老師，為我們打下 電氣 專 業(yè)知識(shí)的基礎(chǔ)；同時(shí)還要感謝所有的同學(xué)們，正是因?yàn)橛辛四銈兊闹С趾凸膭?lì)。此次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)才會(huì)順利完成。 最后感謝 宜賓技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)院三 年來(lái)對(duì)我的大力栽培 。 29 參考文獻(xiàn) [1]孫孝年 .淺析步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器與步進(jìn)電機(jī)的相互關(guān)系 .[J].世界電子元器件 ,1999,(3):3637 [2]王曉明 .電動(dòng)機(jī)的單片機(jī)控制 .[M].北京 :北京航空航天大學(xué)出版社， 2022. 5 [3]趙影 .電機(jī)與電力拖動(dòng) .[M].北京 :國(guó)防工業(yè)出版社， 2022. 7 [4]孫建忠，白鳳仙 .特種電機(jī)及其控制 .[M].北京 :中國(guó)水利水電出版社， 2022 [5]周明安，朱光忠，宋曉華等 .步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)發(fā)展及現(xiàn)狀 .[J].機(jī)電工程技術(shù)， 2022,34 (2):1617 [6]王鴻枉 .步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制技術(shù)入門 .[M].上海 :同濟(jì)大學(xué)出版社， 1990:7192 [7]王衛(wèi)，馮培松一種新穎的三相混合式步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)器的設(shè)計(jì) .[J].電工技術(shù)， 1995,(1):2022 [8]趙奉先 .提高步進(jìn)電機(jī)運(yùn)行速度的研究 .儀表技術(shù)與傳感器， 2022,(2):4546 [9]王宗培，趙書(shū)韜，任雷等 .混合式步進(jìn)電機(jī)的研究 (一 ).[J].電工技 術(shù)雜志， 1998,(3):35 [10]王宗培，趙書(shū)韜，任雷等 .混合式步進(jìn)電機(jī)的研究 (二 ).[J].電工技術(shù)雜志， 1998,(4):57 [11]趙永瑞，李剛 .三相混合式步進(jìn)電機(jī)系統(tǒng) .[J].機(jī)電一體化， 2022,(3):5051 09/20 11:46 102 g an employment tribunal clai Employment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees. You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: ? you don39。t agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you ? your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly. For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, see Dismissal. You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven39。t appealed against the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any pensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal. Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are plaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept i. If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the anisations listed under Further help. Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation. Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the anisations listed under Further help. If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your pensation if you win the case. This is known as a damagesbased agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor can39。t charge you more than 35% of your pensation if you win the case. If you are thinking about signing up for a damagesbased agreement, you should make sure you39。re clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced 30 adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by , click on nearest CAB. For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, see Employment tribunals. The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islandsbased Webb, the head of Fifa39。s antiracism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association39。s 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend City39。s Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday. I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport. For me it39。s about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was. Uefa has opened disciplinary proceedings against CSKA for the racist behaviour of their fans during City39。s 21 win. Michel Platini, president of European football39。s governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referee39。s actions. CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toure39。s plaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA. Age has reached the end of the beginning of a wor