【正文】 ed deer, now in a protected status. But for the blacktailed deer, human pressure has had just the opposite effect. Wild life zoologist Hulmut Buechner(1953), in reviewing the nature of biotic changes in Washington through recorded time, Says that since the early 1940s, the state has had more deer than at any other time in its history, the winter population fluctuating around approximately 320,000 deer (mule and blacktailed deer), which will yield about 65,000 of either sex and any age annually for an indefinite period. （推理題） 9. Which of the following statements about deer populations is supported by the information in paragraph 4? ○ Deer populations reached their highest point during the 1940s and then began to decline. ○ The activities of settlers contributed in unexpected ways to the growth of some deer populations in later times. ○ The cleaning of wilderness land for construction caused biotic changes from which the blacktailed deer population has never recovered. ○ Since the 1940s the winter populations of deer have fluctuated more than the summer populations have. CAVE ART IN EUROPE Paragraph 1: The earliest discovered traces of art are beads and carvings, and then paintings, from sites dating back to the Upper Paleolithic period. We might expect that early artistic efforts would be crude, but the cave paintings of Spain and southern France show a marked degree of skill. So do the naturalistic paintings on slabs of stone excavated in southern Africa. Some of those slabs appear to have been painted as much as 28,000 years ago, which suggests that painting in Africa is as old as painting in Europe. But painting may be even older than that. The early Australians may have painted on the walls of rock shelters and cliff faces at least 30,000 years ago, and maybe as much as 60,000 years ago. （推理題，細(xì)節(jié)推理） 2． Paragraph 1 supports which of the following statements about painting in Europe? ○ It is much older than painting in Australia. ○ It is as much as 28,000 years old. ○ It is not as old as painting in southern Africa. ○ It is much more than 30,000 years old. PETROLEUM RESOURCES Paragraph 3： Oil pools are valuable underground accumulations of oil, and oil fields are regions underlain by one or more oil pools. When an oil pool or field has been discovered, wells are drilled into the ground. Permanent towers, called derricks, used to be built to handle the long sections of drilling pipe. Now portable drilling machines are set up and are then dismantled and removed. When the well reaches a pool, oil usually rises up the well because of its density difference with water beneath it or because of the pressure of expanding gas trapped above it. Although this rise of oil is almost always carefully controlled today, spouts of oil, or gushers, were mon in the past. Gas pressure gradually dies out, and oil is pumped from the well. Water or steam may be pumped down adjacent wells to help push the oil out. At a refinery, the crude oil from underground is separated into natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, and various oils. Petrochemicals such as dyes, fertilizer, and plastic are also manufactured from the petroleum. 6． Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3 about gushers? ○ They make bringing the oil to the surface easier. ○ They signal the presence of huge oil reserves. ○ They waste more oil than they collect. ○ They are unlikely to occur nowadays. Paragraph 5: Of course, there is far more oil underground than can be recovered. It may be in a pool too small or too far from a potential market to justify the expense of drilling. Some oil lies under regions where drilling is forbidden, such as national parks or other public lands. Even given the best extraction techniques, only about 30 to 40 percent of the oil in a given pool can be brought to the surface. The rest is far too difficult to extract and has to remain underground. 8． What does the development of the Alaskan oil field mentioned in paragraph 4 demonstrate? ○ More oil is extracted from the sea than from land. ○ Drilling for oil requires major financial investments. ○ The global demand for oil has increased over the years. ○ The North Slope of Alaska has substantial amounts of oil.