【正文】 t D different from those on List A? Words on List C are made up of re +adjectives. In the words on List D, ―re‖ means ―back‖ instead of ―again‖. (3) Some re prefixed words may mean more than the simple addition of the meaning of re and the meaning of its base. For example, ―rewrite‖ means ―write something again, especially in a different or improved form‖. Can you give more examples like ―rewrite‖? rebuild, rethink, retry, retell, reanize, reconsider, reform, etc. 6. ASK: (1) Can you give some examples that you consider to be chunks? Omit. (2) Read the following spoken data of a Chinese student. Can you point out the chunks used in it? Can you classify them into some types? It is the most unfettable birthday um … that I … and I can not fet it for forever. Um … it it was when I was a freshman. It is the first year um … I left my family and spend my birthday alone. Um … I remember clearly um … that day I strode gloomily at campus along for a long time um. And um … um … I I felt very … I I felt …I felt very gloomy because no one, um no one except my parents um remember my birthday and, and, wan and wanted to um … and wanted to stay with me for my birthday. Um … um … I did, I did not went back I did not go back to the dormitory um … until um … until seven o?clock in the evening. Um … the light, the light in the dormitory was off. Obviously, um there was no … there was nobody staying in the dormitory. Um …but now um … it may … it … it … seemed um … it seemed that it doesn?t matter. Um … And I open the door um … and I found except darkness there was nothing. Suddenly a song “Happy birthday to you” sound. I felt, I felt very astonished. Then, the light was turned on. Some familiar faces um … um full of full of sweet smiles towards me. Um they were my dorm they were my dorm mates … Yes, they still remembered um …my birthday, my birthday. And in fact they have … they indeed prepared for it two years ago. They bought er … a very beautiful cake for me, and that night um … we sang, we danced and … and had that delicious cake. I felt very happy, and and later I … I made a call to my parents that told them that I has spent a very unfettable birthday with my roommates. verbal: went/go back。 turn(ed) on。 prepare for。 make a call to adjectival: full of prepositional: at campus (it should be ―on campus‖, though)。 for a long time。 in the evening。 in fact clausal: it seemed that … .。 it doesn’t matter 7. The notion of subject may be classified into three types: grammatical subject (the major nominal part corresponding to the predicate), logical subject (the doer or executor of the action concerned), and psychological subject (the first major ponent of the sentence, like a nominal phrase, an adverbial phrase, or a prepositional phrase). For instance, a. John (grammatical subject, psychological subject, logical subject) robbed the City Bank last night. b. The City Bank (grammatical subject, psychological subject) was robbed by John (logical subject) last night. c. Last night (psychological subject) John (grammatical subject, logical subject) robbed the City Bank. Analyze the following newspaper headlines from the Washington Post (July 2124, 2022) in terms of the effect of subject type selection. (a) In Iraq, Military Fot Lessons of Vietnam (psychological) (b) Evacuation Rules Separate . Friends (grammatical) (c) Woods Is Closely Followed At British (logical, grammatical) 8. ASK: (1) Can you write the public signs in plete forms? You may push the button and wait for the signal of walk. You must use caution when the ground is wet. (2) What rules are there when we write elliptical English newspaper headlines? a. Omit auxiliary or linking verb BE。 b. Omit determiners。 c. Omit indefinite nouns of person. d. Omit There Be. Task 3: Study Questions 1. Point out the wordformation process that applies to each of the following words: Affixation: worsen endearment Conversion: dust (v.) plane (v.) Compounding: laptop airsick daughterinlaw Backformation: edit televise peddle swindle (swindler) Shortening: tec (detective) prof (professor) bike (bicycle) Blending: brunch urinalysis (urine + analysis) fantabulous (fantasy + fabulous) Initialism: WTO (World Trade Organization) Acronym: laser (light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation) FIFA (Federation Internationale de Football Association) Coinage (in the forms of invention and eponym—words derived from proper names): Xerox nylon jumbo (name of an elephant brought to the United States by P. T. Barnum) 2. How are the openclass words and the closedclass words different from each other? Openclass words: (1) large in number。 (2) easy to expand。 (3) mainly nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Closedclass words: (1) small in number。 (2) stable。 (3) basically pronouns, prepositions, function words, etc. 3. What are the inflectional morphemes in the following phrases? (a) the government?s policies ’s。 s (b) the latest news est (c) Isn?t it snowing! ing (d) two frightened cows ed。 s 4. Suppose a speaker of English invents the following italicized English words as a joke: ―they’re always causing a motion. I tell them not to mote, but they insist on being big moters.” What process of word creation does this example illustrate, and why? What do the new words mean? It is a process of backformation. ―Commote‖ means the act of causing disorder and ―moter‖ means someone who causes disorder. 5. Count the function words in the following passage excerpted from Stephen Crane’s The Red Badge of Courage (). The cold passed reluctantly from the earth, and the retiring fogs revealed an army stretched out on the hills, resting. As the landscape changed from brown to green, the army awaken