【正文】
”。One measure of friendship consists not in the number of things friends can discuss, but in the number of things they need no longer 以討論的事情的數(shù)量,而在于他們無(wú)須再提及的事情的數(shù)量。 oblige ? ( ,責(zé)成)。 My ideal of a picture is that every part of it should oblige the lookeron who has any real sense for a whole to see the 的:它的每個(gè)部分都會(huì)促使具有任何真正整體感的觀者去看其 余的部分。 indifferent (冷漠的;不積極的)即 in+different, in否定前綴, different 不同,“無(wú)論怎樣都感覺(jué)不到什么不同”→漠不關(guān)心的。 The worst sin towards our fellow creatures is not to hate them, but to be indifferent to them。 that39。s the essence of 所犯下的最大罪過(guò)不是憎恨,而是漠不關(guān)心,那是不近人情的本質(zhì)。 The true secret of giving advice is, after you have honestly given it, to be perfectly indifferent whether it is taken or not, and never persist in trying to set people right.提出忠告的真正秘訣在于:誠(chéng)心誠(chéng)意地提出之后,就不再關(guān)注它是否被采納,并且決不固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)地要求別人按自己的意見(jiàn)行事。 7 objective ? (客觀的;目標(biāo))去 e 加 ity 即為 objectivity(客觀性)。 After many years I have reached the firm conclusion that it is impossible for any objective newspaperman to be a friend of a ,我得出了這個(gè)堅(jiān)定的結(jié)論:任何客觀的新聞工作者都不可能成為一個(gè)總統(tǒng)的朋友。 objectivity — subjectivity, expressed statistically 客觀性 ——以統(tǒng) 計(jì)數(shù)字表達(dá)出來(lái)的主觀性。 1999 Passage 2 pathway ?? (小徑;通路)← path+way。 establish ?? (建立;安置)即 e+stabl(e)+ish, e加強(qiáng)前綴, stable 穩(wěn)定, ish 動(dòng)詞后綴。 We must establish the respectability of peace and get rid of the false glamour surrounding ,除去縈繞著戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的欺騙性的魔力。 intra (內(nèi) 部互聯(lián)網(wǎng))← intra 內(nèi)部的 +。 customize ?? (按客戶(hù)要求定制)← custom+ize 動(dòng)詞后綴。 There are three means of believing, by inspiration, by reason, and by :神靈感應(yīng)、理性思維,以及從俗。 contempt ( )可看作 con+tempt, con全部, tempt單詞“ ”,對(duì)所有人都進(jìn)行誘惑→這種行為是令人“蔑視”的。 Familiarity breeds 。contempt — the weapon of the weak and a defense against one39。s own despised and unwanted feelings 輕蔑 ——弱者的武器和抵御自己所蔑視的有害感情的自衛(wèi)手段。 promotion (促進(jìn);提升)即 pro+mot(e)+ion, pro向前, mote 詞根“運(yùn)動(dòng)” =move, ion 名詞后綴;動(dòng)詞形式為 promote← pro+mote。 No true and permanent fame can be founded except in labors which promote the happiness of 、永恒的聲望只能在增進(jìn)人類(lèi)幸福的勞作中求得。 prospect ? (展望;前景)← pro向前 +spect看;參 spectacle(場(chǎng)面;奇觀), 2022 年 Passage 5。 Prospect is often better than 。 resort (求助于;勝地;手段)可看作 re+sort, re反復(fù), sort 單詞“分類(lèi)”,聯(lián)想 :某游客對(duì)眾多“勝地”無(wú)所適從,只能“求助于”導(dǎo)游的反復(fù) (re)分類(lèi) (sort)。 I never resort to a prepared script — anyone who does not have it in his head to do 30 minutes extemporaneous talking is not entitled to be ,任何想不出 30 分鐘即席講話(huà)內(nèi)容的人就沒(méi)有資格讓人來(lái)聽(tīng)。Home is the resort of love, of joy, of peace, and plenty, where supporting and supported, polished friends and dearest relatives mingle into 、歡樂(lè)、和睦與富足的勝地,養(yǎng)育者與被養(yǎng)育者,優(yōu)雅的友人與最密切的親屬在這里共享天賜之福。 interactivity ? (交互性)← inter 互相 +act 作用 +ivity 名詞后綴表“性質(zhì)”;參 interaction, 1999 年 Passage 1。 hospitality ??? (好客;款待)看作 hospital+ity,“醫(yī)院是好客的”←醫(yī)院為提高效益而唯恐別人不生病。When hospitality bees an art it loses its very 殷勤一旦成為技巧,就失去了真正的精髓。 security ? (安全)← secur(e)安全的 +ity。 Security is the mother of danger and the grandmother of 感是危險(xiǎn)的母親、毀滅的祖母。 enterprise (企業(yè);進(jìn)取心)看作 enter+prise, enter 進(jìn)入, prise 獎(jiǎng)賞 =prize,“進(jìn)入獎(jiǎng)賞”→以“進(jìn)取心”辦“企業(yè)”就會(huì)獲得獎(jiǎng)賞。 There is no resting place for an enterprise in a petitive 企業(yè)休息的處所。 What remends merce to me is its enterprise and ,商業(yè)的可取之處在于它的進(jìn)取與無(wú)畏。 enterprise — the hope of our future 事業(yè)——對(duì)未來(lái)的希望。 1999 Passage 3 radical ? (根本的;重要的;激進(jìn)的)即 radi+cal, radi詞根“根”, cal 形容詞后綴; 副詞為 radically ? ← radi+cal+ly。因?yàn)橹参锏摹案背史派錉钆帕校?radi 作詞根時(shí)亦表“放射”,如: radiate→ radi+ate 動(dòng)詞后綴→輻射; radium→ radi+um 后綴表“元素”→有放射性質(zhì)的元素→鐳; radius→ radi+us 后綴表“物”→從圓心放射出來(lái)的東西→半徑 。 I never dared be radical when young for fear it would make me conservative when ,因?yàn)楹ε履菚?huì)使我年老時(shí)保守。 radical — ① anyone whose opinion differs from yours ② a person whose left hand does not know what his other left hand is doing 激進(jìn)分子 ——①任何與你持不同觀點(diǎn)的人 ②一 個(gè)他的左手不知道他的另一只左手在干什么的人。 conception ? (概念;構(gòu)想)是 conceive( )的名詞形式,參 perceive(察覺(jué);感知), 2022 年 Text 2; concept ? (概念)。 In the last analysis, it is our conception of death which decides our answers to all the questions that life puts to ,是對(duì)死亡的看法決定了我們對(duì)生活所提出的一切問(wèn) 題的回答。 No theory is as good as experience. No concept is as good as 踐。概念不等于事實(shí)。 forsake ? ( )可看作 for+sake,聯(lián)想:為了 (for)什么緣故 (sake)而“拋棄” (forsake)我?←因考研而被女友拋棄的周星星說(shuō):給個(gè)理由先! To abstain from sin when a man cannot sin is to be forsaken by sin, not forsake ,而非拋棄罪行。 betray ( ;泄露)可看作 be+tray, be 是, tray盤(pán)子,“是已經(jīng)和盤(pán)托出了”→泄露(若向敵人“泄露”則為“背叛”)。 When we fail our pride supports us, when we succeed, it betrays ,成功時(shí)它使我們露出本來(lái)面目。 pessimism ? (悲觀;悲觀主義)參 pessimistic(悲觀的),2022 年 Passage 4。 pessimism — ① a luxury a Jew can never allow himself ② the wisdom of the experienced 悲觀 ——①猶太人決不會(huì)允許自己享受的一種奢侈品 ②有經(jīng)驗(yàn)者的智慧。 presumptuous ?? (專(zhuān)橫的,自以為是的)看作presumpt(ion)假設(shè) +uous 形容詞后綴,“只憑假設(shè)就給人下結(jié)論的”→自以為是的。 acquaintance ? (認(rèn)識(shí);熟人)即 ac+quaint+ance, ac否定前綴, quaint 離奇的(俞敏洪說(shuō):把 quai 看作 guai,音“怪 ”), ance 名詞后綴,“不奇怪”→見(jiàn)怪不怪→已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)的→熟人。 I look upon every day to be lost, in which I do not make a new 一個(gè)人,我就把那一天視為虛度。 acquaintance — somebody you nod to if he nods first 熟人 ——如果他先對(duì)你點(diǎn)頭,你也會(huì)對(duì)他點(diǎn)頭的人。 8 plementary ? (補(bǔ)充的;互補(bǔ)的)← plement( ;補(bǔ)足物) +ary 形容詞后綴。 pliment( .恭維)與 plement 一字母之差, i 像一支燃燒的蠟燭→拿著蠟燭在神靈面前→“恭維”, e 想成維生素 E→“補(bǔ)充”維生素 E。 Guilt always hurries towards its plement, punishment。 only there does its satisfaction 匆趕向它的補(bǔ)充 ——懲罰,只有在那里它才能得到滿(mǎn)足。 dubiously ? (可疑地;懷疑地)← dub+ious+ly, dub 懷疑 =doubt, ious 形容詞后綴, ly 副詞后綴。 reformatory (改革的)← reform 改革 +atory 后綴。 To reform a man is a tedious and uncertain labour。 hanging the sure work of a ,絞刑則是舉手之勞。 disguise ? ( ,偽裝)可看作 dis+gui+s+e, dis否定前綴, gui 拼音“鬼”, s 復(fù)述詞尾, e 小詞,以蒲松齡《聊齋志異》聯(lián)想:真正的鬼總是要偽裝 (disguise)自己,說(shuō)自己不是 (dis)鬼 (gui)。 Praise undeserved is satire in 。 Opportunities are usually disguised as hard work, so most people don39。t recognize ,所以大多數(shù)人認(rèn)不出它們。 auxiliary (輔助的)即 aux+iliary, aux 詞根“增加”(同 aug,如 augment→ aug 增加 +ment 后綴 → ),iliary 形容詞后綴,“起增加作用的”→輔助的。 highlight ? ( )即 high+light,用高 (high)強(qiáng)度的光 (light)照某物體→使顯著。 on behalf of 為??的利益; go to the heart of 涉