【正文】 of species of plants and animalsThe vast majority of which have not been discovered yet will bee extinct. 翻譯下列句子，注意英語定語從句的非定化譯法： 1. The last big Alaskan earthquake created a tsunami, that was felt 1500 miles away. 2. A strict vegetarian is a person who never in his life eats anything derived from animals. 3. For that, use is generally made of correction motors which in the present state of the technique are plicated, very expensive and often do not give plete satisfaction. 4. An electrical current begins to flow through a coil, which is connected across a charged capacitor. 5. Vegetarianism is definitely unsatisfactory for growing children, who need more protein than they can get from vegetable sources. 6. Overproduction of any modity can create difficulties, because it can lead to a glut on the market, which may cause prices to fall sharply. 7. World War II was, however, more plex than the preceding world war, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources, and territories. 1. The last big Alaskan earthquake created a tsunami, that was felt 15000 miles away. 最近發(fā)生的阿拉斯加大地震引起了海嘯， 在15000英里之外都能感覺到。 （省掉關(guān)聯(lián)詞 ,按原句序 譯成 獨立句 ) 2. A strict vegetarian is a person who never in his life eats anything derived from animals. 嚴(yán)格的素食者終生都不食用動物性食品。（ 定語與先行詞或主句 溶為一體 ） 3. For that, use is generally made of correction motors which in the present state of the technique are plicated, very expensive and often do not give plete satisfaction. 為此，通常應(yīng)使用校正電動機，但就目前的技術(shù)水平而言， 這種電動機 結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜、價格昂貴，且性能往往不能盡如人意。 4. Vegetarianism is definitely unsatisfactory for growing children, who need more protein than they can get from vegetable sources. 對生長發(fā)育中的兒童來說，素食肯定是不可取的， 因為 他們需要的蛋白質(zhì)不可能全部從植物類食品中獲得。 5. An electrical current begins to flow through a coil, which is connected across a charged capacitor. 如果 把一個線圈接在已充電的電容器上， …… 6. Overproduction of any modity can create difficulties, because it can lead to a glut on the market, which may cause prices to fall sharply. 任何商品的生產(chǎn)過剩都會帶來麻煩，因為它會導(dǎo)致市場上供過于求， 從而價格急劇下跌。 7. World War II was, however, more plex than the preceding world war, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets, resources, and territories. 第一次世界大戰(zhàn)只是帝國主義大國之間爭奪市場、資源和領(lǐng)土的一場沖突，而第二次世界大戰(zhàn)（的原因）卻比較復(fù)雜。 76 Translation of Passive Form （被動句的譯法） ? （ 1）譯成漢語主動句 1) 原句中的主語 仍譯作主語 。 2）原句中的主語 譯作賓語 。 3) 譯成漢語 無主句 。 4）譯成漢語的 “是 …… 的” 判斷句。 5）（在由 it 代替主語從句的句子中）譯成 “人們”、“有 人”、“大家” 等泛指人稱句。 It is asserted that… 有人主張 …… ? It is believed that… 有人相信 (認(rèn)為 )…… ? It is generally considered that… 大家認(rèn)為 …… ? It is well known that… 大家知道 …… ( 眾所周 ? 知 ……) ? It is acknowledged that… 大家承認(rèn) …… ? It is suggested that… 有人說 …… 77 6）將簡單句中被動語態(tài)的謂語部分分出來譯作 不定人稱句 。 如： The molecules of all matters are believed to be moving. 人們相信， 所有物質(zhì)的分子都在不斷運動。 我們都知道 物質(zhì)占有空間。 Matter is known to occupy space. 7) 譯成 “據(jù)說”、“據(jù)報道”、“聽說” 等 ? It is reported that… ? It is supposed that… ? It is said that… ? It is hoped that… 希望 …… ? It must be admitted that… 必須承認(rèn) …… ? It must be pointed that… 必須指出 …… ? It will be seen from this that… 由此可見 …… 78 （ 2）譯成漢語被動句 （ 3）譯成 “把、由、加以” 等結(jié)構(gòu) ? Useful facts may be collected either by making careful observation or by setting up experiment. ? 通過 仔細(xì)觀察或做實驗可以收集到 … Translation of English Long Sentences（長句的譯法） ? 包孕法、 順譯法、 斷句法 (分譯法）、逆序法、 插入法、重組法 ? （ 1） 包孕法 80 ? Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfill needs which have hitherto been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of living. ? 譯 : 于是我們就面臨著一種選擇 :要么利用技術(shù)來提供并滿足 迄今為止一直被視為并無必要的 各種需求 ,要么利用技術(shù)來縮短 人們 為了維持一定的生活水準(zhǔn)而 必需工作的 時數(shù) 。 （ 2）順譯法 ? 多用來翻譯 并列句 和帶 賓語從句 或 表語從句 的 復(fù)合句 。 ? On August 1, the gunboat began her mission, which was, in the eyes of the defenders, a provocative act and seemed to be part of the overall assault which had begun on July 31. （ 三層意思） 譯： 八月一日，炮艦開始執(zhí)行任務(wù)。 在防御者看來，這是 一挑釁行動 ， 而且 似乎是七月三十一日開始的全面攻擊的一個組成部分 。 82 （ 3） 斷句法 (分譯法） ? the backwardness (in the munications) / or perhaps because of it / China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era / by bypassing many of the costly transitional technologies / that industrial nations are now seeking to replace with more advanced digital systems. ? 譯：盡管中國的通訊落后 ,或者說 正是由于這種落后 ,中國希望跳躍式地進入通訊數(shù)字顯示時代 ,一下子越過耗資巨大的過度技術(shù)階段。 這種過渡技術(shù) ，工業(yè)化國家正在尋求用先進的數(shù)字顯示系統(tǒng)取而代之。 83 ? 2. The law of conservation and transformation of energy is the chief basis of physical, astronomical and chemical reasoning as well as engineering practice. ? 譯： 能量守恒和能量轉(zhuǎn)換定律 ,不僅是工程實踐的 主要基礎(chǔ) ,而且也是物理、天文以及化學(xué)等方面推理的 主要基礎(chǔ) 。 84 ? president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterday’s election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a widespread defeat, which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of longheld superiority in the House. ? (三層意思具有相對獨立性，可拆譯為三個單句 ) 譯 ：在一記者招待會上，問題集中于昨天的選舉結(jié)果，總統(tǒng)就此發(fā)了言。 他說他不能解釋為什么共和黨遭受到這樣大的失敗。 這種情況最終會使共和黨失去在眾院中長期享有的優(yōu)勢。 ? His old shoes clumped soundly in the dust as he walked, and his grayblack locks, now grown rather long, straggled out in a dramatic fringe or halo from under his hat. ? 譯： 他腳上 穿著 舊鞋， 踏著 塵土，沉重地向前走著 。 他那灰白的頭發(fā)現(xiàn)在 長得 相當(dāng)長了，亂蓬蓬地從帽檐底下 鉆出來 ， 很 富于 戲劇性，猶如一圈劉海或一輪光環(huán)。 （ 4）逆序法 manufacturers are flooding the UK market with new products in response