models_of_development__發(fā)展模型-資料下載頁
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【正文】 /ed Structural Change ? Structural change models focus on the different productivity levels of economies ? Process of structural change determines the rate of development ? Can such structural changes be acmodated? Copyright 2021 – Biz/ed Structural Change ? Less developed nations – tend to be dominated by primary industries – low value added, difficult to generate wealth and thus sources of investment ? Developed nations – diverse economies, high value added, high levels of investment ? Structural change can be encouraged by incentives Copyright 2021 – Biz/ed Lewis 2 Sector model ? Agriculture low value added ? Industrial sector higher productivity and wealth generation ? Incentives to encourage workers to migrate from rural economy to urban ? Rural workers have very low if not zero marginal productivity ? Wage premiums in urban industry 30% above rural wages would encourage migration from rural to urban whilst still allowing profits to be made ? Reinvestment of profits would lead to a self perpetuating development Copyright 2021 – Biz/ed Criticisms: ? Labour reallocation not always productive ? Wealth not reinvested locally ? Wealth goes abroad ? Imperfections in the labour market ? Importance of plementary policies by all countries involve
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