【正文】 核準(zhǔn)權(quán)。本案一審以故意殺人罪判處王某死刑 緩期兩年執(zhí)行，依法律規(guī)定本案應(yīng)報請高級人民法院核準(zhǔn)。（ 2分） 五、案例分析題（ 14分） ，男， 19 歲，聾、啞人，系某聾啞學(xué)校高中三年級學(xué)生。 2021年 11 月某日孫某強奸了其同班女同學(xué)王某。某區(qū)人民檢察 院將孫某起訴至法院。開庭前，法院在向被告人孫某送達起訴書副本時，告知他可以委托辯護人為其辯護。被告人孫某不愿增加家庭負擔(dān)，表示不委托辯護人。區(qū)法院準(zhǔn)許，并記錄在案。區(qū)人民法院后公開開庭審理了此案。 請回答：區(qū)人民法院在審理本案的程序中存在哪些問題？并闡述法律依據(jù)和理由。 答： 法院在審理本案的程序中存在的問題有： (1)沒有為聾、啞人指定辯護人。（ 3分） 我國刑事訴訟法第 3條的規(guī)定，被告人是盲、聾、啞或者未成年人而沒有委托辯護人的，人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)指定承擔(dān)法律援助義務(wù)的律師為其提供辯護。（ 2分） 本案中被告人孫某是聾、啞人，依照法律規(guī)定，人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)指定承擔(dān)法律援助義務(wù)的律師為其提供辯護。 被告人孫某不愿增加家庭負擔(dān)，表示不委托辯護人。區(qū)法院準(zhǔn)許是違反法律規(guī)定的。（ 2分） (2)違反了公開審判的規(guī)定。（ 3分） 刑事訴訟法第一百五十二條規(guī)定，人民法院審判第一審案件應(yīng)當(dāng)公開進行。但是有關(guān)國家秘密或者個人隱私的案件，不公開審理。（ 2分） 本案被告人孫某強奸了其同班女同學(xué)王某，案件涉及個人隱私，屬于不公開審理的情況。一審法院公開審理此案，嚴重違反法律規(guī)定。（ 2分） 五、案例分析題 （ 14分） 28．某區(qū)人民法院以貪污罪判處被告人汪某有期徒刑五年。某區(qū)人民檢察院不服一審判決，以量刑畸輕為由，徑直向市中級人民法院提出抗訴書。市中級人民法院受理后，依法組成合議庭，經(jīng)閱卷，認為該案事實清楚，決定不開庭審理。 請回答：本案中，人民檢察院和人民法院在訴訟程序上各存在哪些問題？并請說明法律依據(jù)和理由。 答： (1)某區(qū)人民檢察院不能直接向市中級人民法院提出抗訴書。 (3分 ) 刑事訴訟法第一百八十五條規(guī)定，地方各級人民檢察院對同級人民法院第一審判決、裁定的抗訴，應(yīng)當(dāng)通過原審人民 法院提出抗訴書。（ 2分） 本案中，某區(qū)人民檢察院不服一審判決，只能通過某區(qū)人民法院提出抗訴書，由某區(qū)法院將抗訴書及案卷材料一并移送市中級法院，而不能直接向市中級法院提出抗訴書。（ 2分） (2)市中級人民法院應(yīng)開庭審理此案。（ 3分） 刑事訴訟法第一百八十七條規(guī)定，對人民檢察院抗訴的案件，第二審人民法院應(yīng)當(dāng)開庭審理。（ 2分） 本案中，檢察院提起抗訴后，市中級人民法院受理后，應(yīng)當(dāng)開庭審理。市中級人民法院認為該案事實清楚，就決定不開庭審理是錯誤的。（ 2分） 1．裁定與判決的區(qū)別有： (1)在適用的對象上，判決解決案件的實體問題；裁定主要解決程序問題，只解決部分實體問題； (3分 )‘ (2)在適用范圍上，裁定比判決要廣泛得多，判決只限于審判終結(jié)，包括第一審、第二審和依審判監(jiān)督程序再審終結(jié)時，可適用判決。而裁定則適用于整個審判或執(zhí)行程序的全過程； (3分 ) (3)在適用的方式上，判決必須用書面形式，裁定則可采用書面和口頭兩種形式； (2分 ) (4)在上訴、抗訴的期限上，不服判決的上訴、抗訴期限為 10日，不服裁定的上訴、抗訴為 5日； (2分 ) (5)數(shù)量上也不同 。一個審判程序只能有一個生效判決，卻可以有多個生效裁定。 (2分 ) 什么是刑事訴訟中的反訴？反訴有哪些條件？ 在刑事案件中可以提起反訴的情況是刑事自訴案件和刑事附帶民事訴訟。反訴是指在一個已經(jīng)開始的訴訟（訴訟法上稱為本訴）程序中，本訴的被告以本訴原告為被告，向受案的法院提出的與本訴有關(guān)的獨立反請求。 根據(jù)《刑訴解釋》第 206條的規(guī)定，被告人提起反訴，必須符合下列條件： 反訴的對象必須是本案的自訴人； 反訴的內(nèi)容必須是與本案有關(guān)的行為； 只有告訴才處理的案件和被害人有證據(jù)證明的輕微刑事案件的被 告人，才可以提起反訴。第三類刑事自訴案件的被告人，不得提起反訴。 Visafree policy brings Chengdu biz, tourism boost. Making national headlines several times, Chengdu39。s 72hour visafree policy has attracted wide attention from both Chinese and foreign experts and businessmen since it took effect on Sept 1 last year. The program permits citizens from 51 countries and regions including the United States, Australia, Canada and Japan who have valid visas and flight tickets to a third country t o spend three days in the city. The capital of Sichuan province is the first city in the western region of China to offer foreign tourists a threeday visa and the fourth nationwide to adopt the policy following Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. Li Zhiyong, deputy dean of the tourism institute at Sichuan University, said the move contributes to a large increase in the number of overseas tourists and raises the city39。s level of internationalization. The policy will also bring direct economic revenue, Li said. Chengdu has many cultural legacies and is also a paradise for panda lovers with the world39。s largest breeding and research center. Three days are long enough for foreign visitors to visit those iconic tourist spots, he noted. The city is home to the remains of the Jin sha civilization that dates back more than 3,000 years as well as the Qing cheng Mountains and the Du jiang yan irrigation system. Qing cheng has long been recognized as the birthplace of Taois m, China39。s ancient indigenous religion, while Du jiang yan is considered to be the oldest functioning watercontrol project in the world. Chengdu ranked third in tourist facilities, management and services among 60 Chinese cities in a customer satisfaction survey released last year. But, Li added that efforts are still needed to develop more tourism products, improve English services and provide accurate translation of traffic signs and scenic billboards. Zhao Yun, chairwoman of British Chamber of Commerce Southwest China, told China Daily that his colleagues found the policy very convenient. A British client once flew here and stayed for just one day to check her ordered goods, she said. Zhao was born in Shanxi province, but she has lived in Chengdu for more than 10 years. My life was like a running race moving from place to place. I also lived in Beijing and Shanghai before, she said. But Chengdu is a place that you never want to leave once settling down. It is now my second hometown, she said. If the environment is further improved, the city will attract more people to visit and live, with the 72hour visafree policy and pelling conditions in transportation, culture, climate and cuisine, he said. Foreigners also gave positive feedback on the policy. A spokesman from Dell Inc said the pany has a global hub of operation in Chengdu, so the threeday visa has an immediate and positive influence on the pany39。s business development. Rudy Buttignol, president of the public broadcasting pany in British Columbia, Canada, said his work requires frequent travel to Chengdu and the policy makes the trips easier. Data from the city39。s public security bureau shows some 100 foreign visitors enjoyed the 72 hour policy by the end of March, most of them from the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. Chengdu also reported robust growth in its overall tourist industry last year. Official statistics show that it received some 150 million tourists last year, an increase of 28 percent from 2021. Aro und million came from abroad, an increase of 12 percent. Total revenue from tourism surpassed 133 billion yuan ($). During his visit to Kazakhstan in September, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that China and Central Asia join hands to build a Silk Road economic belt to boost cooperation. The idea has been widely echoed in Central Asian countries, being an encouraging blueprint for Chinese areas along the Silk Road that has linked Asia and Europe for more than 2,000 years. In the next three weeks, China Daily reporters will travel through the belt in China and in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. They will show