chap06供給、需求與政府政策經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理,曼昆,中英文雙語-資料下載頁
2025-05-14 03:48本頁面
【正文】 right 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. （ a） Elastic Supply, Inelastic Demand... Quantity 0 Price Demand Supply Tax 1. When supply is more elastic than demand... 2. ...the incidence of the tax falls more heavily on consumers... 3. ...than on producers. Price without tax Price buyers pay Price sellers receive Figure 9 How the Burden of a Tax Is Divided Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. （ a） 供給富有彈性，需求缺乏彈性 ... 數(shù)量 0 價格 需求 供給 稅收 1. 當(dāng)供給比需求富 有彈性時 ... 2. … 稅收歸宿 更多地由消費(fèi) 者承擔(dān) ... 3. … 更少地由 生產(chǎn)者承擔(dān)。 沒有稅收的價格 買者支付的價格 賣者得到的價格 圖 9. 稅收負(fù)擔(dān)如何分?jǐn)偟? Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. (b)Inelastic Supply, Elastic Demand... Quantity 0 Price Demand Supply Price without tax Tax 1. When demand is more elastic than supply... 2. ...the incidence of the tax falls more heavily on producers... 3. ...than on consumers. Price buyers pay Price sellers receive Figure 9 How the Burden of a Tax Is Divided Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. (b)供給缺乏彈性，需求富有彈性 ... 數(shù)量 0 價格 需求 供給 沒有稅收的價格 稅收 1. 當(dāng)需求比供給富有彈性時 ... 2. … 稅收歸宿更多 地由生產(chǎn)者承擔(dān) ... 3. … 更少地由消費(fèi)者承擔(dān) 買者支付的價格 賣者得到的價格 圖 9. 稅收負(fù)擔(dān)如何分?jǐn)偟? Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. So, how is the burden of the tax divided? The burden of a tax falls more heavily on the side of the market that is less elastic. ELASTICITY AND TAX INCIDENCE Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 所以 , 稅收負(fù)擔(dān)是如何分?jǐn)偟?? 稅收負(fù)擔(dān)更多地落在缺乏彈性的市場一方身上。 彈性與稅收歸宿 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. Summary Price controls include price ceilings and price floors. A price ceiling is a legal maximum on the price of a good or service. An example is rent control. A price floor is a legal minimum on the price of a good or a service. An example is the minimum wage. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 小結(jié) 價格控制包括價格上限和價格下限。 價格上限是某種物品或勞務(wù)價格法定的最高限。租金控制是一個例子。 價格下限是某種物品或勞務(wù)價格法定的最低限。最低工資是一個例子。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. Summary Taxes are used to raise revenue for public purposes. When the government levies a tax on a good, the equilibrium quantity of the good falls. A tax on a good places a wedge between the price paid by buyers and the price received by sellers. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 小結(jié) 稅收是用來為公共目的籌資的。 當(dāng)政府對一種物品征稅時，該物品的均衡數(shù)量減少。 對一種物品征稅是在買者支付的價格與賣者得到的價格之間打入了一個楔子。 Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. Summary The incidence of a tax refers to who bears the burden of a tax. The incidence of a tax does not depend on whether the tax is levied on buyers or sellers. The incidence of the tax depends on the price elasticities of supply and demand. The burden tends to fall on the side of the market that is less elastic. Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2021 by Harcourt, Inc. 小結(jié) 稅收歸宿是指誰承擔(dān)了稅收負(fù)擔(dān)。 稅收歸宿不取決于是向買者征稅，還是向賣者征稅。 稅收歸宿取決于供給和需求的價格彈性。 稅收負(fù)擔(dān)傾向于落在缺乏彈性的市場一方身上。
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