國際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)第1章第二部分-資料下載頁
2025-05-13 15:31本頁面
【正文】 在圖形上表示為某一生產(chǎn)者的邊際成本曲線（在完全競爭下它是供給曲線）以上和市場價格以下的那部分面積。 ? 三、社會剩余： ? 即社會總福利，是消費者剩余和生產(chǎn)者剩余之和。 Offer Curve(P22) ? 表明 ? For most purposes, analyzing international equilibrium in terms of relative supply and demand is the simplest and most useful technique. In some circumstances, however, it is useful to analyze trade in a diagram that shows directly what each country ships to the other. A diagram that does this is the offer curve diagram. 有多少進(jìn)口商品的需求 （相應(yīng)的）愿意提供多少商品的供給。 Deriving a Country39。s Offer Curve ? In Figure 53 we showed how to determine a country39。s production and consumption given the relative price PC/PF. Trade is the difference between production and consumption. ? In an offer curve diagram we show directly the trade flows that correspond to any given relative price. On one axis of Figure 5A1 we show the country39。s exports (Qc —Dc), on the other its imports (DF— QF). Since (DF QF) = (Qc Dc) (PC/PF), ? the slope of the line from the origin of Figure 5A1 to T is equal to PC/PF. T is Home39。s offer at the assumed relative price: At that price, Home residents are willing to trade (Qc — Dc) units of cloth for (DF — QF) units of food. A國提供曲線的推導(dǎo) 1 1/2 A W C D E I2 I1 W C 1 1/2 1/4 D E 40 20 20 60 60 40 0 A國 A國提供曲線 G C F B 0 貿(mào)易條件的一般均衡分析 E’ E 139。 ?? BB PPB國 A國 PC=1/2 PA=1/4 D D’ W S 0 40 60 40 60 G F G’ F’ 439。 ?AP239。 ?CPTerms of trade(P24) ? Definition: The price of a country’s exports divided by the price of its imports. ? The Welfare Effect of Changes in terms of Trade: A rise in terms of trade increases a country’s welfare, while a decline in terms of trade reduces its welfare.
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