【正文】 speak the building maintenance engineer or security officer instead of janitor. We speak waste manager, sanitation engineer or sanitation worker instead of garbageman or garbage collector. We speak beautician instead of hairdresser. We speak dye artist instead of a person who dyes one39。s hair. We speak agriculture technician， agriculture engineer or agriculture science specialist instead of farmer. We speak automobile engineer instead of mechanic. We speak domestic engineer instead of housewife. We speak utensil maintenance man instead of dishwasher. We speak tree surgeon instead of treetrimmer. We speak meat cutter or meat technologist instead of butcher. 畢業(yè)論文 10 The Function of Concealment The reason why English euphemisms can achieve excellent municative effect is that it can produce sense of beauty in the receiver39。s psychology or conceal the ugly things. Therefore, it is used for concealing and beautifying in the political life. To conceal the guilt of war, when some countries declare war, they speak massive exchange rather than war. They speak incident rather than military force conflict in the border of two countries. They speak pacification rather than killing people and setting fire. They speak active defense rather than aggression. They speak pacification of enemy infrastructure rather than bombing people. They speak antipersonal weapon rather than the weapon of killing people. They speak energy release rather than nuclear reactor. They speak a casualty or a heavy casualty rather than the dead person. They speak termination with extreme prejudice rather than assassination. They speak source rather than spy. They speak ECM (electric countermeasures) rather than spying. Some countries also conceal the domestic economy depression, unemployment of workers, etc. They address the domestic economy depression as disinflation or deflation. They address the areas of low employment rate as gray areas. They address the words” fire or dismiss” as “transitioned or workforce adjustment”. They address out of work as outplacement or layoff. They address the poor person or reliever who receives welfare as needy and dependent person or the economically disadvantage individual. 畢業(yè)論文 11 5. Conclusion English euphemism is a kind of language phenomenon and it is used to adjust interpersonal relation. Moreover, euphemism is a social linguistic phenomenon. By using it, we can avoid hurting others. It is widely used as a rhetoric expressive skill in munication. And that is in all language. It can eliminate misunderstanding and friction and harmonize the interpersonal relationship. Language has close relation with our daily experiences so that we seldom think of its role but English euphemism proves its efficacy. It almost relates to all aspects of our life. Such as politics, war, culture, etc. Due to different purposes, people make use of euphemisms reflecting their values, aesthetical standard, and way and life attitude in the Englishspeaking countries. In the English studying and munication, adopting proper euphemisms can make our expression much better, munication more smooth and interpersonal relation more harmony. Besides, we should realize the difference of euphemistic expressions in the east and west to avoid improper translation. In the English munication and writing, we should avoid making use of vulgar words and avoid exaggerating. When using it, we should think more and conjecture in order to make the munication smoother. It originates from the practical language and it is widely used, but it is developing with the change of human activities. What’s more, it promotes the development of linguistics and extends the whole part in our life, but it is still waiting for people to study more. By analyzing the euphemisms, we can have a better understanding of its definition, classification, origin and development, application, social functions as well. If we are able to catch the characteristics and properly use it, we will municate with others much better. 畢業(yè)論文 12 Bibliography [1] John Smith, Mary Black, et al. Recent Advance in Research on Applications of Passive Energy Dissipation Systems[J]. Earthquake Eng, 1997, 38(3) [2] 何齡修 .讀南明史 [J].中國史研究 , 1998,(3) [3] 劉國鈞 ,陳紹業(yè) . 圖書館目錄 [M]. 北京：高等教育出版社， 1957 [4] 王明亮 . 關于中國學術期刊標準化數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)工程的進展 [EB/OL]. 19980816/19981001 [5] 謝希德 . 創(chuàng)造學習的新思路 [N]. 人民日報， 19981225（ 10） 畢業(yè)論文 13 Acknowledgements Many people have influenced the writing of this thesis either directly or indirectly. I am particularly indebted to my academic supervisor XXX who provided insightful guidance and valuable information for me. Her/His patient attitude, enlightening suggestion, intelligent efforts, constant encouragement and invaluable critiques to me over the months made the studying process a pleasurable one. My special gratitude also goes to XXX. I would also like to express heartfelt thanks to XXX and XXX. In addition, my wholehearted thanks should go to other teachers and my classmates who have helped me in one way or another in my study. What is more, I am obliged to my dear family, my mother and my father who are always beside me and behind me. Last but not least, I would give my thanks to my friends who are supportive of me, especially my best friend, XXX, who offered me a lot of help in … .