【導(dǎo)讀】文章標(biāo)題用3號(hào)宋體，章節(jié)標(biāo)題用4號(hào)宋體，正文。用小4號(hào)宋體，20磅行距；頁(yè)邊距上、下、左、右均為，左側(cè)裝訂，裝訂線。件，提高單位的中標(biāo)率，防止無(wú)效標(biāo)及廢標(biāo)出現(xiàn)。合考慮各種主觀條件與客觀因素、研究投標(biāo)策略，確定投標(biāo)方法。從另一個(gè)意義上來(lái)講，招標(biāo)文件也是法律文件，除了相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)外，法》規(guī)定，對(duì)投標(biāo)人，投標(biāo)企業(yè)進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格把關(guān)，對(duì)競(jìng)標(biāo)者提出了專業(yè)性的要求，止，只有這樣，才能使建設(shè)工程競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性交易活動(dòng)依法健康運(yùn)行。出相應(yīng)的防范對(duì)策研究。一個(gè)大前提下，原有的定額和計(jì)價(jià)方法是不適應(yīng)的，這就需要改革和完善。清單計(jì)價(jià)模式下招投標(biāo)活動(dòng)是建立在市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行機(jī)制下，依據(jù)法律。程序，以科學(xué)、公正、公開合理的方法確定中標(biāo)人的一種經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)。筑市場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為和促進(jìn)工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)機(jī)制的創(chuàng)新發(fā)揮重要作用。與全球建筑業(yè)同行競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的有力工具。

　　

【正文】 roject cost of the basic concept, of the engineering bill pricing model under the cost structure, to accurately predict costs of the project provided the basis, considering the average cost of the social cost to individual enterprises and the tender stage of the cost estimates. Followed through on fuzzy math and technology for smooth indepth analysis, through closedegree, the concept of reasonable fuzzy math and exponential smoothing technologies, construction of the project cost vague prediction model, and in accordance with the relevant information and statistics Information and experience to establish a framework structure, the parison works Construction Cost Management from the quantityone price plan model to price of separation volume model of the market, and gradually establish a market pricebased price formation mechanism, the price of the decision in the hands of the parties involved in the market, and ultimately the allocation of resources through the market in order to realize through the market mechanism to decide on project cost. This will standardize the construction marketpetitive behavior and the promotion of project bidding mechanisms play an important role in innovation. It can be said that the implementation of the project bill of quantities is a project cost management system in our country a big step forward, but also in China39。s accession to the WTO, the global construction industry a powerful tool for peer petition. A healthy bidding system should be in accordance with the open, fair and justice and the principle of good faith, and establish a unified, open, petitive and orderly construction market. In view of the current problems existing in the bidding process, adopt regulations, and formulate and perfect the institution, strengthening process supervision measures, they can better regulate construction market order, prevent corruption from its source, purify construction market, promote the construction market order progressively toward standardization, institutionalized, and constantly improve the quality and level of the bidding work. References [1] . Casey, . Ferguson, Intelligent forms processing, IBMSystem Journal 29 (3) (1990) 435– 450. [2] T. Watanabe, Q. Luo, N. Sugie, Layout recognition of multikindsof tableform documents, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 17 (4) (1995) 422–445. [3] . Chen, . Lee, An efficient algorithm for form structureExtr ction using strip projection, Pattern Recognition 31 (9)Fig. 9. Table with no obvious separating symbol between records. (1998) 1353– . Cao et al. / Automation in Construction 11 (2020) 573–584 583 [4] . Tseng, . Chen, Recognition and data extraction of form documents based on three types of line segments, Pattern Recognition 31 (10) (1998) 1525– 1540. [5] . Fan, . Lu, . Chen, A feature point clustering approach to the recognition of form documents, Pattern Recognition 31 (9) (1998) 1205–1220. [6] S. Chandran, R. Kasturi, Structure recognition of tabulated data,Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, Tsukuba Science City, Jap20– 22, 1993, pp. 516– 519. [7] K. Itonori, Table structure recognition based on textblock arrangement and ruled line position, Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, Tsukuba Science City, Japan, Oct. 20– 22, 1993, pp. 765– 768. [8] . Shamilian, . Baird, . Wood, A retargetable table reader, Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, Ulm, Germany, Aug. 18– 20,1997, pp. 158–163. [9] . Chiang, . Tue, . Leu, A new algorithm for line image vectorization, Pattern Recognition 31 (10) (1998) 1541–1549.