【導(dǎo)讀】此翻譯文章較詳細(xì)地介紹了液壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算，準(zhǔn)確，文筆也較為通順，具備一定的英語閱讀能力。在設(shè)計(jì)液壓系統(tǒng)時(shí)，首先應(yīng)明確以下問題，并將其作為設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)。沖擊以及是否有腐蝕性和易燃物質(zhì)存在等情況。圖(v—t)，或速度與位移循環(huán)圖表示，由此對運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律進(jìn)行分析。從活塞啟動(dòng)到返回原位的時(shí)間，曲線斜率表示活塞移動(dòng)速度。工程中液壓缸的運(yùn)動(dòng)特點(diǎn)可歸納為三種類型。上以較小的加速度作勻加速運(yùn)動(dòng)，然后勻減速至行程終點(diǎn)。言，就是研究液壓缸或液壓馬達(dá)的負(fù)載情況。阻力；Fb為排油阻力。液壓缸工作壓力主要根據(jù)運(yùn)動(dòng)循環(huán)各階段中的最大總負(fù)載力來確定，此外，為液壓馬達(dá)的機(jī)械效率，一般齒輪和柱塞馬達(dá)取～，葉片馬達(dá)取～。確定液壓泵的最大工作壓力。P包括油液流經(jīng)流量閥和其他元件的局部壓力損失、管路沿程損失等，在系統(tǒng)。定壓力損失可從液壓元件手冊或產(chǎn)品樣本中查找，也可參照表選取。

　　

【正文】 etely flows when the fuel tank does not seep out, the fat liquor liquid level should not surpass the fuel tank highly 80%. (2) suction boxes tubes and the oil return pipe spacing should be as far as possible big (3) fuel tanks bases should have the suitable ascent, releases the oil mouth to set to the most low spot, in order to drains the oil oil filters choices Chooses the oil filter the basis to have following several bearing capacities According to system pipeline working pressure determination. filters the precision: According to is protected the part the precision request determination flow the ability: According to through maximum current capacity determination. resistance pressure drops: Should the satisfied filter material intensity and the coefficient request. 4 hydraulic systems performance In order to judge the hydraulic system the design quality, needs to lose to the system pressure, to give off heat , the efficiency and system dynamic characteristic and so on circuitries pressure loses After hydraulic pressure part specification model and pipeline size determination, may the more accurate puting system pressure loss, the pressure loss include: The oil loses , LP? the local pressure after the pipeline CP? along the regulation pressure damages flows after the valve class part pressure loss VP? , namely: VCL PPPP ??????? () System adjustment pressure: PPP ??? 10 () In the formula: P0For hydraulic pump working pressure or leg adjustment pressure。 P1In order to execution working pressure. If calculates P? in the primary election system working pressure time the is sketchier than designation pressure to lose is much bigger than, should remove entire related part, auxiliary specification, again definite pipeline size. systems give off heat The system gives off heat originates from the system interior energy loss, like the hydraulic pump and the functional element power loss, the overflow valve overflow loses, the hydraulic valve and the pipeline pressure loss and so on. The system gives off heat the power P putation ))(1( WPP B ??? () In the formula: PB is the hydraulic pump power input (W)。 η Is the hydraulic pump overall effectiveness index If in a operating cycle has several working procedures, then may act according to each working procedure the calorific capacity, extracts the system unit time the average calorific capacity: )()1(1 1 WtPTP ini bi ??? ?? （ ） In the formula: T is the operating cycle cycle (s)。 ti For i working procedure operating time (s)。 pi is in the circulation the i working procedure power input (W). systems efficiency The hydraulic system efficiency is by the hydraulic pump, the functional element and the hydraulic pressure return route efficiency determined The hydraulic pressure?c return route efficiency generally may use the type to calculate: 2221...........2211bbbbc qpqpqpqp ? ???? () In the formula: p1， q1； p2， q2； …… For each functional element working pressure and current capacity。 pB1， qB1； pB2， qB2 is each hydraulic pump supplies the oil pressure and the current capacity. Hydraulic system overall effectiveness index: cmB ???? ??? () In the formula: B? For hydraulic pump overall effectiveness index。 m? In order to functional element overall effectiveness index。 c? For return route efficiency 5 draws up the regular worker mapping and the pilation technology document Passes through after the hydraulic system performance and the essential revision, then may draw up the regular worker mapping, it including plan hydraulic system schematic diagram, system pipeline assembly drawing and each kind of non standard part design drawing. In the official hydraulic system schematic diagram must mark various hydraulic pressure part the model specification. Regarding automaticity higher engine bed, but also should include the movement part the cycle of motion chart and the electromag, the pressure switch active status. determinations hydraulic system parameter May know by the operating mode analysis in, the labor enters the stage the load strength to be biggest, therefore, the hydraulic cylinder working pressure according to this load strength putation, according to the hydraulic cylinder and the load relations, p1=40105Pa. This engine bed for the drill hole aggregate machinetool, for prevented drills through before when occurs flushes the phenomenon, the hydraulic cylinder oil discharge cavity should have the back pressure, 、 p2 =6105Pa, for causes quickly to enter quickly draws back the speed to be equal, selects 21 2AA? the differential motion cylinder, the hypothesis quickly enters the oil discharge pressure which, quickly draws back to lose for Δ p=7105Pa. choices hydraulic pressure part chooses the hydraulic pump and the electric motor (1) determines the hydraulic pump the working pressure. Front had determined the hydraulic cylinder the biggest working pressure for 40105Pa, selects the intake pipe road pressure to lose Δp=8105Pa, its adjustment pressure is generally bigger than the system biggest working pressure 5105Pa, therefore pumps working pressure PB = (40 + 8 + 5) 105 = 53105Pa This is the working pressure which the highpressured small current capacity pumps. The hydraulic cylinder quickly draws back when the working pressure quickly enters when is bigger than, takes its pressure to lose Delta p 39。 = 4105Pa, then quickly draws back time pumps the working pressure is: PB =(＋ 4)105＝ 105Pa This is the working pressure which the low pressure great current capacity pumps. (2) hydraulic pumps current capacities. Quickly enters when the curren