采礦專業(yè)畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯--關于煤層沼氣的一些經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的問題-采礦工程-資料下載頁
2025-05-11 15:10本頁面
【導讀】天然氣的成分是一種叫做甲烷的物質(zhì)。的化合物，它在天然氣中是一種原生能源。情況卻是相似的。煤層沼氣是通過兩種方法產(chǎn)生的，一種是由于微生物活動的生。物作用，一種是隨著煤的深度其熱量增加的熱力作用。由于水的壓力，煤層中經(jīng)。常含有大量水和沼氣。計184兆立方英尺的天然氣中近三分之一是從席層中獲得的。方英尺的煤層沼氣可能蘊藏在曼塔那和懷俄明的帕得河水域。未開發(fā)的煤層沼氣資源存在于懷俄明和曼塔那的帕得河水。域，懷俄明的大格林河水域，科羅拉多和新墨西哥的三圈水域。地下水被一同抽出。煤層沼氣的生產(chǎn)中應盡量使煤層不要脫水。目的是減小煤層中的。水壓釋放的同時，氣體上升，并且與水分離從管。懷俄明石油氣體保護委員會估算，懷俄明地區(qū)帕得河。影響力聲明報告帕得河水域煤層沼氣可重新利用氣體預計為兆立方英尺。在曼塔那美洲目前的調(diào)查顯示，該地區(qū)特有的煤層。河岸及沼澤地造成危脅。如果河流和泉不靠煤層蓄水層的排水，流量減少就會很小。
【正文】 lling in the clay to increase, causing dispersion and migration of clay particles. Current research at Montana State University shows water with sodium levels equal to that in typical CBM product water of Montana can degrade the physical and chemical properties of heavier, clay soils, making such soils pletely unsuitable for plant growth. The risk of sodium has been observed in other soil textures. Jim Oster (personal .) observed crusting, poor soil tilth, hardsetting and aggregate failure on a sandy loam soil irrigated with water EC ~ 1, SAR ~ 7. Minhaus (1994) saw irreversible and severe reduction in infiltration on sandy loam soil with long term irrigation under high SAR water followed by monsoon rain. There are many factors in addition to soil textures that affect infiltration rates. Mineralogy, lime, sesquiozides, organic matter content, cultivation, irrigation method, wetting rate, antecedent water content and time since cultivation all play a roll in infiltration of soils. The only way to be certain of the impacts of saline/sodic irrigation water on the soil is to periodically sample and test the irrigation water and the soil. The quality of CBM product water and its effect on plants: Disposal of the large quantity of CBM product water into stream channels and on the landscape poses a risk to the health and condition of existing riparian and wetland areas. The high salinity and sodium levels in the product water may alter riparian and wetland plant munities with the replacement of salt intolerant species with more salt tolerant species. It is well recognized that encroachment of such noxious species as salt cedar, Russian olive, leafy spurge is enhanced by saline conditions. Will CBM development reduce flow to streams, springs and wells? As a result of the large amount of water being pumped from the coal seam aquifers, there is concern of impact to springs and streams and to the level of water in drinking, and livestock wells. The answer to this question is very location specific. If the spring or stream is fed by the coal seam aquifer (the coal seam surfaces and discharges water into a stream or spring), CBM development in the local area may well decrease the flow to those water bodies. If the spring or stream is not fed by the coal seam aquifer, decreases in flow would be minimal. However, if CBM product water is land applied or impounded in a holding pond (most often these ponds are not lined and discharge to the subsurface), streams down slope may have increased flow during development due to subsurface flow to the stream. If the drinking water or livestock well gets water directly from the coal seam, then CBM development in the local area may decrease the water level in that well. The duration of impacts to spring flow and water available from wells will depend on the total area developed and timing.
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