【導讀】在傳統(tǒng)機械和現(xiàn)代機械中齒輪和軸的重要地位是不可動搖的。齒輪和軸主要安裝在。主軸箱來傳遞力的方向。所以我們對齒輪和軸的了解和認識必須是多層次多方位的。因此，在斜齒輪的情況下，其齒向是不平行于回轉軸線的。斜齒輪用于傳遞平行軸之間的運動。當軸向推力變的大了或由于別的原因而產生。一軸上的兩個斜齒輪等效。交錯軸斜齒設計中，當該齒的斜角相等時所產生滑移速度最小。蝸桿和蝸輪通常是用于向垂直相交軸之間的傳動提供大的角速度減速。這意味著軸的撓曲情況更加明顯而使在輪齒接觸上具有更大的。靜止的軸，但不承受扭轉載荷。短的轉動軸常常被稱為主軸。當軸的彎曲或扭轉變形必需被限制于很小的范圍內時，其尺寸應根據變形來確定，但決不意味著設計者要保證；它們是安全的，軸幾乎總是。雖然來自方法在設計軸中難于應用，但它可能用來準確預示實際失效。它是一個檢驗已經設計好了的軸的或者發(fā)現(xiàn)具體軸在運轉中發(fā)生損壞原因的好方法。

　　

【正文】 e number of metric. When the reciprocating motion of the tool or the workpiece, the feed amount is based on the number of inches of each trip through the measure. In general, other things being equal, is inversely proportional to feed rate and cutting speed. Cutting tool depth in inches the distance from the tool into the workpiece. It is equal to the width of rotary cutting or chip in the chip is equal to the linear cutting thickness. Roughing to finishing than eating knife deeper depth. Cutting parameters on cutting temperature Metalcutting operations, heat is the main deformation zone and subdeformation zone to happen. This resulted in a plex temperature distribution throughout the tool, workpiece and chips. The figure shows a typical set of isotherms, from which can be seen: as can be expected, when the workpiece material to be cut in the main deformation zone, the width along the entire chip has a lot on the temperature gradient, and when the Vicedeformation zone, when the chip is cut off, before the knife near the surface of the chip have a higher temperature. This led to the rake face and chip cutting edge away from the vicinity of cutting temperature is higher. Essentially made in metal cutting due to all the functions have been converted into heat, it can be expected: the metal was cut away from the power consumption per unit volume of these factors has been home to allow cutting temperature. This increase in rake angle and all other parameters constant, will cut the metal away from the power consumption per unit volume decreases, thus cutting temperature will be reduced. When taking into account the increase in the undeformed chip thickness and cutting speed, this situation is even more plicated. Undeformed chip thickness of the upward trend will lead to the adoption of the workpiece to generate heat ratio of the total number of effects, tools and chips remained fixed ratio, and the cutting temperature tends to decrease. However, the increase in cutting speed, the heat conduction to the workpiece, which in turn reduced the number of the main deformation zone increases the temperature rise in the chip. Vice deformation zone and thus less bound, which will produce heating effects in the region. Changes in the other cutting parameters, in essence, was cut off for unit volume and have little impact on consumption, so in fact there is no effect on the cutting temperature. Due to the fact that: even a small change in temperature, cutting tool wear rate will have a meaningful influence. This shows how the cutting parameters to determine from the cutting temperature is quite appropriate. Highspeed steel cutting tools for the determination of the temperature with the most direct and most accurate way is to W amp。 T method, this method is to provide highspeed steel tool temperature distribution for more information. The technology is based on metallographic crosssection of high speed steel cutting tools on a test basis, the purpose is to create change in microstructure and thermal changes of Chart relationship. When processing a wide range of workpiece material to the time, Trent has been discussed in highspeed steel cutting tool measured temperature and temperature distribution methods. Because this technology has been used scanning electron microscopy further development objective is to study a variety of martensite has been back to the fire and return fire, the structure of the highspeed steel microstructure caused by changes in the microstructure. This technology is also used to study singlepoint turning and high speed steel twist drill temperature distributions. Tool wear Has been treated from many brittle and crack edge tool in the known, there are basically three types of tool wear: flank wear, rake face wear and Vnotch wear. Both occurred after the flank wear also occurred on the main blade Vice blade. On the main blade, because the task responsible for removal of most of the metal chips, which leads to increased cutting force and cutting temperature increase, if not allowed to check processing, that may lead to vibration of the tool and the workpiece occurs and the conditions that may no longer be effective cutting Exist. Viceblade on it is to determine the size and surface finish of the workpiece, the size of flank wear may cause failure of the product and the surface finish is also poor. In most practical cutting conditions, because of the rake face before the Lord Deputy rake face wear, wear to reach large enough, the tool will be effective, the result is made of substandard parts. Because the tool stress distribution on the surface uneven, sliding between the chip and rake face contact zone stress in the sliding contact area of the start of the largest contact area in the rear is zero, so that abrasive wear occurred in the region . This is because the settlements in the vicinity of the cutting card is more serious than the near edge wear, and the blade near the chip and rake face due to loss of contact wear lighter. This results from the cutting edge at a certain distance from the surface of the formation of pitting before the pit knife, which is generally considered the rake face wear. Typically, this wear crosssection is rounded. In many cases, and for the actual cutting position, the rake face wear of flank wear than the lighter, the flank wear as a tool failure, more generally, the scale mark. However, because many authors have expressed increasing cutting speed, as the case, the first blade surface temperature than the surface temperature rise after the knife faster, but also because of the wear rate is essentially any form is subject to significant temperature changes Impact. Therefore, the rake face wear usually occurs when highspeed cutting. The main tool flank wear with the tail was not