【正文】 l, is inversely proportional to feed rate and cutting speed. Cutting tool depth in inches the distance from the tool into the workpiece. It is equal to the width of rotary cutting or chip in the chip is equal to the linear cutting thickness. Roughing to finishing than eating knife deeper depth. Cutting parameters on cutting temperature Metalcutting operations, heat is the main deformation zone and subdeformation zone to happen. This resulted in a plex temperature distribution throughout the tool, workpiece and chips. The figure shows a typical set of isotherms, from which can be seen: as can be expected, when the workpiece material to be cut in the main deformation zone, the width along the entire chip has a lot on the temperature gradient, and when the Vicedeformation zone, when the chip is cut off, before the knife near the surface of the chip have a higher temperature. This led to the rake face and chip cutting edge away from the vicinity of cutting temperature is higher. Essentially made in metal cutting due to all the functions have been converted into heat, it can be expected: the metal was cut away from the power consumption per unit volume of these factors has been home to allow cutting temperature. This increase in rake angle and all other parameters constant, will cut the metal away from the power consumption per unit volume decreases, thus cutting temperature will be reduced. When taking into account the increase in the undeformed chip thickness and cutting speed, this situation is even more plicated. Undeformed chip thickness of the upward trend will lead to the adoption of the workpiece to generate heat ratio of the total number of effects, tools and chips remained fixed ratio, and the cutting temperature tends to decrease. However, the increase in cutting speed, the heat conduction to the workpiece, which in turn reduced the number of the main deformation zone increases the temperature rise in the chip. Vice deformation zone and thus less bound, which will produce heating effects in the region. Changes in the other cutting parameters, in essence, was cut off for unit volume and have little impact on consumption, so in fact there is no effect on the cutting temperature. Due to the fact that: even a small change in temperature, cutting tool wear rate will have a meaningful influence. This shows how the cutting parameters to determine from the cutting temperature is quite appropriate. Highspeed steel cutting tools for the determination of the temperature with the most direct and most accurate way is to W amp。 6. Hybrid. Analysis of friction clutches and brakes are applied various forms of the same general procedure, the following steps are required: 1. Assume or determine the pressure distribution on the friction surface。s tooth should be selected so that a minimum of axial thrust. Crossed helical gears or helical gears, they are neither intersecting nor parallel to the shaft centerline. Crossed helical gears point contact between each other, it39。 結構造型任務就是要產生若干穩(wěn)定平面的組合，這樣在這些平面上的各 夾緊力將使工件和夾具穩(wěn)定。盡管柔性夾具的發(fā)展很快落后與柔性運輸處理裝置的發(fā)展，如落后于工業(yè)機器人 的發(fā)展，但仍然試圖指望增加夾具的柔順性。然而在某些應用場合、強制零件移動到中心線上時，可能引起零件或設備破壞。不只是切削，還有像氧化皮，刀刃產生的局部高溫也都會引起這種效應。這是因為在切削卡住區(qū)附近比刀刃附近發(fā)生更嚴重的磨損，而刀刃附近因切屑與前刀面失去接觸而磨損較輕。這項技術由于利用電子顯微掃描技術已經進一步發(fā)展，目的是要研究將已回過火和各種馬氏體結構的高速鋼再回火引起的微觀顯微結構變化情況。進而副變形區(qū)勢必更小，這將在該區(qū)內產生升溫效應。這結果導致復雜 的溫度分布遍及刀具、工件和切屑。 進給速度是刀具切進工件的速度。例如內螺紋，除了 機械加工之外，幾乎沒有別的加工方法能進行加工。小批生產低費用。這些磁極板之間有磁粉混合物潤滑。這些離合器通常用彈簧加載，以使得在達到預定的力矩時釋放。各種強制接觸離合器之間最大的區(qū)別與夾爪的設計有關。這是一個靜力學問題。這樣，它是一個檢驗已經設計好了的軸的或者發(fā)現具體軸在運轉中發(fā) 生損壞原因的好方法。心軸也是軸，既可以旋轉也可以靜止的軸，但不承受扭轉載荷。這樣的齒輪機構叫做準雙曲面齒輪機構，因為它們的節(jié)面是雙曲回轉面。僅就滾齒而言就可達一級精度。單包圍機構就是蝸輪包裹著蝸桿的一種機構。然而當該齒的斜角不相等時，如果兩個齒輪具有相同齒向的話，大斜角齒輪應用作主動齒輪。當兩個或更多個單向齒斜齒輪被在同一軸上時，齒輪的齒向應作選擇，以便產生最小的軸向推力。斜齒輪輪齒的初始接觸是一點，當齒進入更多的嚙合時，它就變成線。而在錐齒輪的情況中各回轉軸線互相不平行。機械類外文翻譯 — 軸和齒輪的設計及應用 摘 要 在傳統機械和現代機械中齒輪和軸的重要地位是不可動搖的。像我們要討論的那樣，尚有其他道理需要學習，掌握。在直齒圓柱齒輪中，接觸是平行于回轉軸線的。 交錯軸斜齒輪或螺旋齒輪，他們是軸中心線既不相交也不平行。 蝸輪與交錯軸斜齒輪相似。當然，如果每個構件各自局部地包圍著對方的蝸輪機構就是雙包圍蝸輪蝸桿機構。在典型的錐齒輪安裝中，其中一個錐齒輪常常裝于支承的外側。這種齒輪之間的輪齒作用是沿著 一根直線上產生滾動與滑動相結合的運動并和蝸輪蝸桿的輪齒作用有著更多的共同之處。短的轉動軸常常被稱為主軸。進而有著大量的關于設計的問題，其中由于別的考慮例如剛度考慮，尺寸已得到較好的限制。這個問題將必須對每個幾何機構形狀分別進行研究。為了在結合過程中給變換作用予較長時間周期，夾爪可以是棘輪式的，螺旋型或齒型的。當到達超載點時聽到的 “ 喀嚓 ” 聲就被認定為是所希望的信號聲。電磁線圈被裝入磁路中的某處。對于鑄造、鍛造和壓力加工，每一個要生產的具體工件形狀，即使是一個零件，幾乎都要花費高額的加工費用。又如已鍛工件上的小孔加工，也是被鍛后緊接著進行機械加工才完成的。若工件或刀具作旋轉運動，進給量是以每轉轉過的英寸數目來度量的。圖中顯示了一組典型等溫曲線，從中可以看出：像所能預料的那樣，當工件材料在主變形區(qū)被切削時，沿著整個切屑的寬度上有著很大的溫度梯度，而當在副變形區(qū)，切屑被切落時，切屑附近的前刀面上就有更高的溫度。其他切削參數的變化，實質上對于被切離的單位體積消耗上并沒有什么影響，因此實際上對切削溫度沒有什么作用。這項技術亦用于研究高速鋼單點車刀和麻花鉆的溫度分布。這結果離切削刃一定距離處的前刀面上形成麻點凹坑，這些通常被認為是前刀面的磨損。這種局部磨損通常稱作為凹坑性磨損，而且偶爾是非常嚴重的。當零件易損而且小小振動可能導致報廢時，或當其位置是由機床主軸或模具來具體時，再或者當公差要求很精密時，那寧可讓夾具去適應零件位置，而不是相反。事實上夾具的重要的裝置 —— 生產裝置的專向投資就加強了使夾具更加柔性化在經濟上的支持。按慣例，這個任務可用人 — 機對話即幾乎完全自動化的方式來完成。s runin with the gear and into a line contact. So they can only transfer the load and is mainly used for small equipment in, and certainly can not remend the use of the power transmission. Crossed helical gears and helical gears to be installed between the kneading after each other before, there is no difference. They are manufactured in the same way. A pair of meshing of crossed helical gears typically have the same tooth, that is Lgear driven gear meshing with the right hand. In the crossed helical gear design, when the helix angle equal to the minimum when the sliding velocity generated. However, when the helix angle is not equal, if the two gears with the same tooth, then apply for a large bevel gear gear. Worm and crossed helical gears similar. The worm pinion has a smaller number of teeth, usually one to four teeth, because they are pletely wrapped around the cylindrical section, so they are referred to as thread teeth. Its called the worm gear to match, not a true helical worm gear. Worm and worm gear is usually used to drive between the axis perpendicular to