【導讀】虛擬儀器的概念誕生于19世紀70年代后。虛擬儀器的靈活性在很大程度上取決于專用硬件。隨著在生物技術越來越復雜的應用，利用虛擬儀器可以有效的降低技術設備。虛擬儀器得到更加深入的研究。到了近代，虛擬儀器系統(tǒng)已普遍運用到幾乎所有設備，例如，一個由機電壓力。利用虛擬儀器，工程師和科學家們可以縮短開發(fā)時間，設計更高品。虛擬儀器提供了一個測量和自動化系統(tǒng)建設的新模式，并成為主流。這些因素為用戶訪問虛擬儀器系統(tǒng)提供了非常廣泛。虛擬儀器系統(tǒng)是一個由用戶控制，通過電腦桌面操作，發(fā)展起來用于電腦測試，也有幾個在公開文獻對虛擬儀器的定義。一個有效的用戶界面,展示了對虛擬儀器的控制效。根據(jù)報告和互動功能，我們可以將虛擬儀器的接口分為四類：終端用戶界面、每一個模塊，都能結合其他對象，利用虛擬儀器的界面實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)信息交換?？椄`活的功能來需求解決方案被應用于虛擬儀器數(shù)據(jù)處理。

　　

【正文】 ngineers and scientists can efficiently create their own applications, by designing and integrating the routines that a particular process requires. They can also create an appropriate user interface that best suits the purpose of the application and those who will interact with it. They can de?ne how and when the application acquires data from the device , how it processes, manipulates and stores the data, and how the results are presented to the user. With powerful software, we can build intelligence and decisionmaking capabilities into the instrument so that it adapts when measured signals change inadvertently or when more or less processing power is required. Creating Virtual Instruments Using Lab VIEW Lab VIEW is an integral part of virtual instrumentation because it provides an easytouse application development environment designed speci?cally with the needs of engineers and scientists in mind. Lab VIEW offers powerful features that make it easy to connect to a wide variety of hardware and other software. Graphical Programming is one of the most powerful feature that Lab VIEW offers engineers and scientists. With Lab VIEW, the user can design custom virtual instruments by creating a graphical user interface on the puter screen through which one can: – Operate the instrumentation program – Control selected hardware – Analyze acquired data – Display results Advantages of Lab VIEW The choice of software is important because software is generally the central ponent that ties the entire system together. Choosing the right software can maximize productivity, while a software package that does not ?tthe needs could drain time and productivity. Lab VIEW helps the user to do more projects done in less time, by streamlining the process from inception through pletion. There are several areas in Lab VIEW that contribute to a signi?cant gain in productivity when pared to other development software . for example easy to learn, easy to use, Virtual Instruments. Beyond the Personal Computer Recently, mercial PC technologies have been migrating into embedded systems. Examples include Windows CE, Intel x86based processors, PCI and Compact PCI buses, and Ether for embedded development. Because virtual instrumentation relies so heavily on mercial technologies for cost and performance advantages, it also has expanded to enpass more embedded and realtime capabilities. For example, Lab VIEW runs on Linux as well as the embedded ETS realtime operating system from Ventur Com on speci?c embedded targets. The option of using virtual instrumentation as a scalable framework that extends from the desktop to embedded devices should be considered a tool in the plete toolbox of an embedded systems developer. A dramatic technology change example that affects embedded systems development is working and the Web. With the ubiquity of PCs , Ether now dominates as the standard work infrastructure for panies worldwide. Summary Virtual instrumentation is fueled by everadvancing puter technology and offers us the power to create and de?ne a system based on an open framework . This concept not only ensures that a work will be usable in the future but also provides the ?exibility to adapt and extend as needs change. Lab VIEW was designed with scientists and engineers in mind, providing powerful tools and a familiar development environment created speci?cally for the design of virtual instruments. Finally, system design software that provides an intuitive interface for designing custom instrumentation systems furthers virtual instrumentation . Lab VIEW is an example of such software. The Lab VIEW graphical development environment offers the performance and ?exibility of a programming language, as well as highlevel functionality and con?guration utilities designed speci?cally for measurement and automation applications.