【正文】 1）D（2）C（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要對智能城市進行了基本介紹，又通過迪比克和桑坦德的例子介紹了智能城市為生活所帶來的便捷。 （1）猜測詞句題。由語句Generally, a small city is a city that uses digital technologies such as the Internet to improve city planning, save money and resources 可知，總的來說，小城市就是使用數(shù)碼科技例如互聯(lián)網(wǎng)去提高城市計劃，節(jié)省金錢和資源。由此可推知，節(jié)省金錢、能源，可以使我們的生活更加輕松便捷。easy 意為“輕松的”，符合題意。useful 意為“有用的”，normal 意為“普通的”，suitable 意為“適合的”，均不符合題意。故正確答案為D。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中語句This way, people know they use their resources and are glad to help reduce waste 可知，通過這種方式，人們就可以知道他們使用的資源并愿意減少資源的浪費。由此可知，智能水表可以在節(jié)約水資源方面做的比傳統(tǒng)水表更好。save water 意為“節(jié)約水資源”，符合題意。故正確答案為C。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A項，由第四段第四句 Opening the App near a supermarket provides immediate information on special offers 可知，在超市旁邊打開這個應(yīng)用程序，可以馬上推送特價商品的信息。由此可推知，智能系統(tǒng)在商業(yè)（business）中有所應(yīng)用。B項，health care 意為“健康管理”，文章沒有提及。C項，由第四段第二句 If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that sever the stop as well as their arrival times 可知，如果人們用手機指向一個附近的公交車站，手機就會馬上展示出所有的會在這站停的公交車路線。由此可推知，智能系統(tǒng)在交通控制（traffic controlling）方面有所應(yīng)用。D項，由第四段第二句 If people point a phone toward a nearby bus stop, the phone immediately shows all bus lines that sever the stop as well as their arrival times 可知，如果人們用手機指向一個附近的公交車站，手機就會馬上展示出所有的會在這站停的公交車路線。由此可推知，智能系統(tǒng)在公共交通（public transportation）方面有所應(yīng)用。故正確答案為B。 （4）主旨?xì)w納題。A項，意為“電子科技幫助提升了城市規(guī)劃”，只在第一段中有所提及。故A項錯誤。B項，意為“智能城市使我們未來的生活更好更智能”，文章主要對智能城市進行了基本介紹，又通過迪比克和桑坦德的例子介紹了智能城市為生活所帶來的便捷。故B項正確。C項，意為“智能城市在迪比克和桑坦德非常普遍”，文章第三段和第四段主要介紹了智能應(yīng)用在兩座城市中的應(yīng)用，并沒有提到普及型。故C項錯誤。D項，意為“西班牙和美國在建設(shè)智能城市方面處于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位”，文章提到美國的迪比克是第一個智能城市，西班牙也采用了智能城市，但是并沒有提到領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位。故D項錯誤。故正確答案為B。 【點評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。9．閱讀理解 You think it39。s cool to carry your backpacks and head out to school. But if you don39。t know exactly how to choose, load, lift and wear themthese allimportant accessories（配件）can be a pain in the back. Not to mention the neck, head and shoulders. Backpacks can influence your health. Carrying a heavy load improperly can lead to poor body position。 and even hurt the spinal column（脊柱）This can cause muscle strain, headaches, back, neck and arm pain. For example, if it is carried on one shoulder。 a heavy backpack forces the muscles and spine to balance the unequal weight. This may increase the possible back problems later in life.More than 50 percent of young people suffer back pain by their teenage years. Research shows that this could be mainly caused （場）improper use of backpacks.Here39。s some advice to help you carry backpacks fortably and safely. Choose the right backpack. Forget leather （皮革）! It looks great, but it39。s far too heavy. Go for canvas（帆布）. Pick a pack that has two wide, adjustable, fortable shoulder straps（帶子）, along with a hip or waist strap, and plenty of pockets. Make sure the pack fits properly and its size is suitable for the wearer39。s body. Packing it properly. Only put in the pack what is needed for that day. It39。s a good idea to know what each object weighs. The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 10 to 15 percent of the wearer39。s own body weight. Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside, away from the back. Putting the backpack on. Put the pack on a smooth surface, at waist height. Put on the pack, one shoulder at a time, then adjust（調(diào)整）the straps to fit fortably. Remember when lifting a backpack, or anything, to lift using the arms and legs and to bend at the knees. The right way to wear a backpack. Both shoulder straps should be used, and adjusted so that the pack fits the body, without hanging to one side. Backpacks should never be worn over just one shoulder. You should be able to move your hands between the backpack and your back. The waist strap should also be worn. Take the above advice, and you may not plain back pain, numbness or weakness in your arms and legs any more.（1）What could mainly cause some young people to suffer back pain by their teenage years? A.Too much homework.B.Poor treatment for backs.C.Improper use of backpacks.D.Unhealthy sleep position（2）Which of the following does the writer suggest?①Choose leather backpacks because it looks cool to go to school.②Pick a pack that its size is suitable for the wearer39。s body.③Make sure the backpack contains only what is needed for that day④Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside.⑤Put the pack on a smooth surface, above the waist height.A.①②④B.①③⑤C.②③④D.②③⑤（3）If a boy weighs 40kg, how heavy should his filled backpack be at most? A.About 4kg.B.About 6kg.C.About 10kg.D.About 15kg.（4）What is the passage mainly about? A.Some problems that teenagers face in their study at school.B.The suitable backpack material that you should choose.C.The good influence that backpacks have on your healthD.Some advice on how to carry backpacks fortably and safely.【答案】 （1）C（2）C（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】短文大意： 短文主要講述背包影響學(xué)生的健康，如何舒服地和安全地使用背包。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) More than 50 percent of young people suffer back pain by their teenage years. Research shows that this could be mainly caused （場）improper use of backpacks. 可知不正確使用背包可能誰引起背疼。故選C。 （2）細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù) Make sure the pack fits properly and its size is suitable for the wearer39。s body. 保證背包的大小與背書包的人相符，即②；Only put in the pack what is needed for that day. 需要的時候才背書包，即 ③ ；Pack heaviest objects close to the body, and place little ones outside, away from the back. 當(dāng)背重物的時候，背包需要貼近身體，背輕的東西時，可以離遠(yuǎn)點，即 ④ ；故選C。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) The total weight of the filled pack should be no more than 10 to 15 percent of the wearer39。s own body weight. 這個男孩四十公斤，可知他最多背15%40kg=6kg，故選B。 （4）此題考查主旨大意。這篇短文主要對如何正確使用背包使人更舒服更安全給出的幾點建議，故選D。 【點評】此題考查閱讀理解。先閱讀短文，理解短文大意。然后進行審題，弄清題意，帶著問題閱讀短文，從短文的細(xì)節(jié)中找出細(xì)節(jié)理解問題的答案。對于主旨大意題要根據(jù)文章的中心思想確定。10．閱讀理解 Many people thought a puter wasn39。t supposed to be able to beat a top master at