【正文】 0。D.How to live harmoniously in a munity.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人的名字所代表的含義。一個名字不僅僅是一個單詞。它承載著一個人整個身份的重量。名字可以代表一個人的種族和文化，也可以表示對祖先的尊重。一個自取的名字可能代表一個人的信仰或選擇的身份。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據第一段中的“A name can represent a person39。s ethnicity (種族身份) and culture, or show respect for their ancestral roots.”名字可以代表一個人的種族和文化，也可以表示對祖先的尊重?？芍?，一個人的名字可以告訴他的文化背景。故選A。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據第三段中的“In the long term, this might cause someone to distance themselves from their roots.”從長遠來看，這可能會導致一些人遠離自己的根?？芍?，讀錯名字的長期影響是這個人可能會試圖隱藏他的根源。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據第五段中的“Mispronouncing a name repeatedly, however, shows a lack of effort. It is not okay to be fortable with mispronouncing names, and being unfamiliar with a language is no excuse.”然而，反復念錯一個名字，表明你缺乏努力。對名字念錯感到不舒服是不好的，不熟悉一門語言也不是借口?？芍髡邔σ粋€名字反復發(fā)錯音這是不可接受的。故選B。 （4）考查段落大意。根據第一段中的“If you39。re unsure whether you39。re pronouncing a name correctly, just ask. Think of it as a way to expand and strengthen understanding, both personally and culturally.“如果你不確定你的名字發(fā)音是否正確，直接問。把它看作是擴展和加強理解的一種方式，無論是個人的還是文化的。”可知，最后一段講述的是“如何避免名字發(fā)音錯誤?！惫蔬xB。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意大意三個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相對主義), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries. History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today39。s popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future. In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because the general principles of taste are uniform(不變的) in human nature, the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries. Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the longlasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.（1）According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism? A.It introduces different cultural values.B.It explains the history of artistic works.C.It relates artistic values to local conditions.D.It excites the human mind throughout the world.（2）In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that _____ . A.great works of art can go beyond national boundariesB.history gives art works special appeal to set them apartC.popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great artsD.great artists are skilled at bining various cultures（3）According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because_____ . A.they are results of scientific studyB.they establish some general principles of artC.they are created by the world39。s greatest artistsD.they appeal to unchanging features of human nature（4）Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? A.Are Artistic Values Universal?B.Are Popular Arts Permanent?C.Is Human Nature Uniform?D.Is Cultural Relativism Scientific?【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了根據文化相對主義，藝術作品在永恒受歡迎的原因是人類的審美具有共同性，并且就此展開說明。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據第一段中的“The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相對主義), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions.”可知根據相對主義，藝術作品就是把藝術的價值與當地的社會經濟條件結合在一塊，故選C。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據第二段中的“It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today39。s popular art, even if they began as works of popular art.”可知不會把莫扎特與日本的音樂進行比較，正如日本的畫作與巴黎的畫廊進行比較，藝術作品是沒有國界的，故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據第三段中的“In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because‘ the general principles of taste are uniform(不變的) in human nature, the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent.’ ”可知Davide曾辯論到風格的原則上是沒有變化的，所以一些藝術是可能會永生的，故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文主要從相對論的角度來說，藝術的價值只能反應當時的社會經濟，但作者提出不同的觀點，故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及推理判斷和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 More and more people in America are celebrating the Indian holiday Diwali. Diwali is Hindi for row of lights. It is the most important holiday in India. Many people around the world are beginning to celebrate it as well. The United States is one of the places where the festival is being more mon. Diwali celebrations can now be found at American landmarks like Disneyland in California and New York City39。s Times Square. They are also held in many parks and museums. Neeta Bhasin created the Times Square event. She said Indian immigrants have found great success in America. But, she said, many Americans still do not know much about India. So, she decided to act. I felt it39。s about time that we should take India to mainstream America and show India39。s rich culture, heritage, arts and variety to the world, she said, and I couldn39。t find a better place than Times Square. Bhasin came to the United States from India 40 years ago. She is president of ASB Communications, the marketing firm behind Diwali at Times Square. Tens of thousands of people attend the event, now in its fourth year. In India, Diwali is a fiveday harvest festival held just before the Hindu New Year. The exact dates change from year to year but Diwali is a