【正文】 because . A.the sections of DNA are changedB.problems are sometimes causedC.manpower and resources are wastedD.animals are produced using the technology（3）The author39。s attitude toward crossbreeding is . A.doubtfulB.disapprovingC.objectiveD.supportive（4）Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? Sp：Subpoint （次要點(diǎn)） C：ConclusionI：Introduction Cp：Central Point P：PointA.B.C.D.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，基因工程是一門非常新 的科學(xué)，關(guān)于它能帶來的好處和它能造成的破壞，我們有很多東西要學(xué)習(xí)。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的”Plant breeders try to create a specific oute of plants and potentially new plant varieties by changing the genes of the plants through breeding, which is making new plants from parents of different varieties or species.“植物育種家試圖通過育種改變植物的基因來創(chuàng)造植物和潛在的新植物品種的特定結(jié)果，即從不同品種或物種的親本培育新植物，可知植物育種的目的是生產(chǎn)新的植物品種，故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的”However, genetically engineered plants can cause unexpected problems.“可知作者認(rèn)為雜交是錯(cuò)誤的，是因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生問題，故選B。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的”Genetic engineering is a very new science and we have a lot to learn about the good it can do and the damage it can cause. The main concern is that not enough tests are being done to ensure it is safe.“基因工程是一門非常新的科學(xué)，關(guān)于它能帶來的好處和它能造成的破壞，我們有很多東西要學(xué)習(xí)。主要的問題是沒有進(jìn)行足夠的測試來確保它是安全的。由此推斷出，作者對雜交的態(tài)度是客觀的，故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。第一段引出了基因工程這個(gè)話題，接下來從三個(gè)方面說明了基因工程的益處，又從兩個(gè)方面闡述了基因工程的弊端，故選A。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 Words and the way we use them offer a rare window on social and cultural trends. Kory Stamper and Peter Sokolowski know that better than most. The MerriamWebster(韋氏詞典) lexicographers(詞典編纂者) are part of a team that edits the dictionary. In a recent interview, Sokolowski and Stamper talked about their job and what the way we use words says about us collectively. So to know more about them, observers of the language, maybe we should start with some background. What is a lexicographer? Sokolowski: A lexicographer is a person who writes or edits a dictionary. The job of a dictionary editor is to prepare and present research about language. One of our former editorsin chief said, Tell the truth about words, and that sums it up for me. What do you guys do all day? Stamper: The two main duties of a lexicographer are reading and defining. We read everything: books, journals, blogs, phone books, takeout menus, and so on. What we39。re looking for are words that catch our eye. We record the context of these words and information about the sources. Those records are added to a database, and they are the raw material we use in writing definitions. When we are writing or revising a dictionary, most of our time is spent defining. We define a word according to how it is used in the recorded context, deciding whether the usage has been covered by our dictionary. Once this is done, you look at the new words and new senses and draft a definition. Drafting definitions requires some training, some experience and a lot of concentration. It39。s very, very quiet on the editorial floor. How closely do the most lookedup words on your online dictionary seem to be related to the news or trends? Stamper: When our dictionary went online back in 1996, we could see for the first time which were the most lookedup words in English: Affect, effect and ubiquitous were the top words. It was fascinating to us173。dictionary editors spend so much time writing definitions but never could have known if anyone ever read them. We could follow what people were thinking about according to what words they were looking up. Thanks to our online dictionary, we had data.（1）What do lexicographers do? A.They collect as many words as they can and edit them into a dictionary.B.They interview as many people as they can to collect new words.C.They do research about language and edit the truth about words.D.They make deep studies of social and cultural trends.（2）What39。s the function of lexicographers39。 records during their reading? A.The records show how large the dictionary is.B.The records contain what kind of things they read.C.The records are the main things to add to the database.D.The records offer the raw material to the editors.（3）Which of the following is the correct order of a lexicographer defining a word? a. Write a draft of the definition.b. Conclude the usage of the word.c. Pay attention to the new words and new senses.d. Decide whether the usage has been covered.A.adbcB.dbacC.bdcaD.cbda（4）What does this passage mainly talk about? A.Observers of the language.B.Process of making a dictionary.C.Development of language.D.Experience of editing new words.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文主要講述的是語言的觀察者——詞典編纂者。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)What is a lexicographer?中Sokolow