【正文】 ent is considered eSports.可知,電子競技是一種專業(yè)的多人視頻游戲競賽,任何具有強烈競爭元素的電子游戲都被認為是電子競技,也就是說電子競技具有很強的競爭性,故選A。 （2）考查段落大意。根據第二段中的The history of eSports dates back to 1972,ESports pretty much continued on the rather quiet path until the 80s,2002 marked the beginning of a new era for the sport及Halo Ⅱ became the first game to be shown on national television for Major League Gaming in 2004, paving the way for eSports to bee a global phenomenon.等細節(jié)可知,本段以時間為順序介紹了電子競技的發(fā)展,故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據倒數第二段可知，如今,由于技術的進步和像Twitch這樣的流媒體服務的到來,電子競技正在快速發(fā)展,由于Twitch的覆蓋面廣,它已經將電子游戲競賽展示給了新的觀眾,特別是growing at a rapid pace表明了作者對電子競技的未來充滿希望,故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據最后一段中的To understand how much impact Twitch has made, data from gaming analyst group Newzoo show that eSports global audience increased 43 percent from 204 million to 292 million between 2014 and 2016.可知,為了了解Twitch產生了多大的影響,游戲分析機構Newzoo的數據顯示,從2014年到2016年,全球電子競技的觀眾數量增長了43%,由此可知最后一段引用的數據就是為了表明Twitch產生的影響,故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。 Plants are boring. They just sit there photosynthesizing (光合作用) while animals have all the fun. Right? Not so much. A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants. The ant and plant coevolution (協同進化) started with ants feeding on plants and plants evolving antfriendly features. Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant use. Some plants have evolved features that persuade ants into defending them from attack from other insects and even mаmmаl?. Тhе?е ?nсludе hollow thorns that аnt? will live ?n??dе, or ехtra nесtаr (瓊漿) оn lеаvе? or stems for the ants to eat. Some ants will just cheat and take the nectar and run, but some will stick around and attack anything that tries to hurt the plant. Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around, by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds. The ant will pick up the seed and carry it away, eat the food packet, and leave the seed—often in a nutrientrich area where it39。ll grow better, and since it39。s farther away from its parent, they won39。t have to pete for resources. But scientists weren39。t sure how the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants got started. If evolution is an arms race between species developing ways to make use of their neighbors, then scientists wanted to know whether plants or ants fired the first shot. It was a chickenandegg question, whether things started with ants developing behaviors to take advantage of plants, or plants evolving structures to take advantage of ants. The history of ants and plants evolving together goes back to the time of the dinosaurs, and it39。s not easy to tell from fossils who fired the first shot. However, it is a question of little significance. Scientists say their study maters because it provides a look at how these widespread and plex interactions evolved.（1）Some plants attach food packets to their seeds in order to ________. A.reward the antsB.make a fool of antsC.provide nutrition for the seedsD.get the seeds moved around（2）What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A.How plants and ants interact.B.What ants do to protect plants.C.How plants and ants survive attacks.D.Why plants and ants need coevolution.（3）Which is true about the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants? A.Ants depended more upon plants.B.It caused a race for better evolution.C.How it got started was uncertain.D.It was of little value for future studies.（4）What39。s the author39。s purpose of writing the passage? A.To introduce a science research method.B.To inform readers of a latest research finding.C.To arouse readers39。 interest in science research.D.To criticize people39。s traditional views about plants.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，一項新的研究發(fā)現，螞蟻和植物之間的互動有著悠久的歷史。螞蟻和植物的共同進化始于螞蟻以植物為食，植物進化出對螞蟻友好的特征。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據第二段中的“Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around, by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds.”其他植物讓螞蟻幫助它們移動種子，方法是在種子上附加豐富的食物包。故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據第二段中的“Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant use.”植物有許多不同的結構，這些結構是專門為螞蟻使用的；“Some ants will just cheat and take the nectar and run, but some will stick around and attack anything that tries to hurt the plant. Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around, by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds.”可知，有些螞蟻會偷取花蜜逃跑，但有些會留下來攻擊任何試圖傷害植物的東西。其他植物讓螞蟻幫助它們移動種子，方法是在種子上附加豐富的食物包。由此可知，第二段主要講了植物和螞蟻如何互動，故選A。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據倒數第二段中的“But scientists weren39。t sure how the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants got started.”但是科學家們并不確定螞蟻和植物之間的進化關系是如何開始的。由此可知C選項描述正確，故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。第一段中的“A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants.”一項新的研究發(fā)現，螞蟻和植物之間的互動有著悠久的歷史。是全文的主題句，由此推斷出，作者寫這篇文章的目的是告知讀者最新的研究結果，故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Are you afraid of sharks? What about snakes or spiders? Put those fears aside: because in the . you39。re far more likely to be killed or injured by a deer skipping across the road. Deer cause more than 200 humans deaths each year, plus some 29, 000 injuries, all because of million collisions between vehicles and deer. Most incidents occur in the eastern ., where deer prosper without natural predators like wolves and mountain lions. That39。s the region in the . where deervehicle collisions are such a problem, and where it seems like an effective large carnivore reintroduction could make a really big difference. says wildlife biologist Laura Prugh from University of Washington. She thinks it would help to reintroduce predators like mountain lions, also known as cougars, pumas or panthers, to parts of their historic range from which they39。ve been driven out. The researchers say that bringing the predators back to the eastern . would mean 22 percent fewer collisions between cars and deer over three decades. Each year would see five