【正文】 算的使用方法是將大米制成面霜涂在皮膚上?！皌he most costeffective”與“the lowest cost”是同義詞，“make it into a cream”與“process it into a cream”是同義的。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to people.”可知，科學(xué)研究小組認為要進一步的測試，以確?；蚬こ踢^程不會產(chǎn)生任何可能對人類有害的額外化學(xué)物質(zhì)。由此可推斷這種基因工程的過程還需要進一步的完善。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，本文介紹了最近的一項研究，一種新的轉(zhuǎn)基因水稻可以預(yù)防艾滋病病毒的感染。因此與人類的健康有關(guān)，所以本文可能是出現(xiàn)在健康雜志上，故選B。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．犇犇閱讀理解 Wolves strike fear into the hearts of many species, humans included. Our fear of them has brought them to the edge of dying out, as we have cruelly killed them as petitors and troublemakers. But researchers are discovering that the very fear they put into prey（被捕食者）species is exactly what helps make ecosystems（生態(tài)）healthy. Yellowstone National Park is a typical example of just how wolves can help repair an ecosystem. An October 2018 study analyzed 40 years of research on large animals inside the park. Yellowstone has benefited from the reintroduction of wolves in ways that we did not anticipate, especially the plexity of biological interactions（互動） in the park, explained Mark Boyce, a professor in the Department of Biological Sciences. We were really surprised at that and we39。d never have seen these responses if the park hadn39。t adopted ecologicalprocess management—allowing natural ecological processes to take place with least human intervention. After the wolves were reintroduced at Yellowstone, willow and cottonwood trees increased in number. The population of bears and bison also rose and what was once a ruling deerwolf interaction is now more diverse. To learn more about just how wolves are beneficial, a short documentary from Quest explains how the presence of wolves influences the behavior of deer, which eventually makes entire ecosystems more biologically diverse and healthy. In this documentary, biologist Aaron Wirsing explored why wolves and other top predators （捕食者）were needed for diverse ecosystems to develop. Using a simple video camera, Wirsing is gaining a unique view point on predatorprey relationships and changing the way we think about wolves. The research is one more piece of evidence for why protecting these top predators is important not just for wolves as a species, but for hundreds of species at every level of an ecosystem. The fear they bring along may be the very angle that helps save them from dying out.（1）What does the underlined word anticipate in paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Expect.B.Understand.C.Notice.D.Accept.（2）For what purpose was a documentary made? A.To introduce how wolves behave in the wild.B.To show how wolves benefit from ecosystems.C.To record how Aaron Wirsing observed wolves.D.To study what good wolves can do to ecosystems.（3）What is the significance of the research? A.It proves wolves feed on hundreds of species.B.It helps prove the importance of protecting wolves.C.It shows the plex relationships between species.D.It provides evidence that wolves are endangered animals.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.The fear of wolves is beneficial to ecosystems.B.The fear of wolves put them in danger of disappearing.C.Yellowstone National Park owes its healthy ecosystems to wolves.D.The introduction of wolves in Yellowstone National Park is a success.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，研究表明人類以及其他動物對狼的恐懼對維持健康、平衡的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是有益的，其中黃石公園灰狼的引進就是一個典型的例子。 （1）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的We were really surprised at that可知，黃石公園在意想不到的方面從重新引入狼中獲益。故選A。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“To learn more about just how wolves are beneficial, a short documentary from Quest explains how the presence of wolves influences the behavior of deer, which eventually makes entire ecosystems more biologically diverse and healthy.”可知，拍攝紀錄片的目的是了解狼是如何對生態(tài)有益的。故選D。 （3）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“The research is one more piece of evidence for why protecting these top predators is important not just for wolves as a species, but for hundreds of species at every level of an ecosystem.”可知，這項研究再次證明了為什么保護這些食肉動物不僅對狼這個物種很重要，而且對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的各個層面的物種都很重要。故這項研究的意義在于它有助于證明保護狼的重要性。故選B。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文主要講述了人類以及其他動物對狼的恐懼對維持健康、平衡的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是有益的，因為食草動物不會過度繁殖，從而保護了植物的生長。故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 NASA has a new job listing, and it39。s no joke. The US space agency is looking for a joker to join their planned mission to Mars. A mission to Mars is no laughing matter. On average, the red planet is 140 million miles (225 million kilometers) away from Earth. A trip there would take around eight months in a small spacecraft. And Mars has a munications delay of 20 minutes. This means that astronauts will have to wait 20 minutes for a reply, when an emergency happens. When you39。re living with others in a confined space for a long period of time, such as on a mission to Mars, problems are likely to occur, Jeffrey Johnson, a scientist at the University of Florida, told The Guardian. This is probably why NASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humor. These are people that have the ability to pull everyone together, Johnson said. In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we aren39。t alone. By laughing together, we share our stress. Then we can focus on our jobs instead of just worrying. There are other examples of team clowns. One example is the journey to the South Pole led by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. It was a difficult journey full of danger. Adolf Lindstrom, a cook at Amundsen39。s team, was a clown. He made people laugh through the whole journey. Amundsen later wrote that Lindstrom was the most valuable member of the team. But if you39。re hoping