【正文】 B.The survival of predators and various marine animals.C.The alarmingly changeable oxygen levels in the ocean.D.The lack of attention to the warming of tropical oceans.（2）Which of the following is a reason for the oxygen loss in the ocean? A.Polar ice melting consumes much oxygen in the ocean.B.Global warming reduces the amount of oxygen in the air.C.The surface polar ice water prevents oxygen going down.D.Salty water holds less gas in the increasingly warmer ocean.（3）What can be inferred from the passage? A.Ocean deoxygenation changes some animals39。 natural territories.B.Ocean acidification is more serious a problem than deoxygenation.C.Not all ocean animals are bothered by the decreasing oxygen levels.D.Some animals reduce their movements in order to absorb more oxygen.（4）Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A.The Oxygen Levels of Marine LifeB.Ocean Warming Affects Food WebC.The Survivability of Ocean AnimalsD.The Ocean Is Running Out of Breath【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了海洋氧含量下降是一個(gè)與氣候變化有關(guān)的令人擔(dān)憂的趨勢(shì)。同時(shí)介紹了海洋氧含量下降的原因以及對(duì)海洋生物的影響和對(duì)其生存的威脅。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的It is no surprise to scientists that warming oceans are losing oxygen, but the scale of the drop calls for urgent attention. Oxygen levels in some tropical (熱帶的) regions have dropped by an astonishing 40 percent in the last 50 years, some recent studies reveal. Levels have dropped less significantly elsewhere, with an average loss of 2 percent globally.可知，對(duì)于科學(xué)家來說，變暖的海洋正在失去氧氣并不奇怪，但這種下降的規(guī)模需要緊急關(guān)注。一些最近的研究表明，在過去的50年里，一些熱帶地區(qū)的氧氣含量下降了驚人的40%。其他地區(qū)的降幅較小，全球平均降幅為2%。所以根據(jù)前兩段，科學(xué)家最擔(dān)心的是變暖的海洋中日益惡化的脫氧現(xiàn)象。故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的 as polar sea ice melts, it forms a layer of water above colder, more salty sea waters. This process creates a sort of lid that can keep currents from mixing surface water down to deeper depths. And because all oxygen enters the surface, less mixing means less of it at depth.可知，當(dāng)極地海冰融化時(shí)，它會(huì)在更冷、更咸的海水上形成一層水。這個(gè)過程會(huì)形成一種冰蓋，它可以防止水流將地表水混合到海洋更深的深度。因?yàn)樗械难鯕舛歼M(jìn)入了表面，所以較少的與海洋水的混合意味著更深的海洋含氧量更少。所以表面的極地冰水阻止氧氣下沉是海洋缺氧的原因之一。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Ocean animals large and small, however, respond to even slight changes in oxygen by seeking refuge in higher oxygen zones or by adjusting behavior, Oschlies and others in his field have found. These adjustments can expose animals to new predators or force them into foodscarce regions. 可知，然而，Oschlies和他所在領(lǐng)域的其他人發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論大小，海洋動(dòng)物對(duì)氧氣的微小變化都有反應(yīng)，它們?cè)谳^高的含氧區(qū)尋求庇護(hù)，或是調(diào)整行為。這些調(diào)整可能使動(dòng)物暴露在新的掠食者面前，或迫使它們進(jìn)入食物匱乏的地區(qū)。所以海洋中氧含量減少迫使動(dòng)物離開自己的棲息地，去氧氣含量較高的地區(qū)尋求庇護(hù)。故判斷出海洋脫氧改變了一些動(dòng)物的自然領(lǐng)地。故選A。 （4）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，短文說明了海洋氧含量下降是一個(gè)與氣候變化有關(guān)的令人擔(dān)憂的趨勢(shì)，海洋氧含量下降的原因以及對(duì)海洋生物的影響和對(duì)其生存的威脅。所以短文主要是圍繞著海洋氧含量下降而展開的。故短文的最佳標(biāo)題為海洋快喘不過氣來了符合題意。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, when it has collected enough information to be able to use the vast number of cells freely in the most effective way. Pure mathematics is one of the fields in which this happens, and we know that Albert Einstein made all his worldshaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them. But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life. Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom. One can have a very quick, inventive brain and plenty of experience, but if one uses these foolishly, one harms both oneself and others. Wisdom does not always e with age ——there are plenty of foolish middleaged people about ——but the average person tends to learn wisdom as he gets older, usually by making painful of embarrassing mistakes. Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible。 and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature。 how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature, but which is basically a waste of time because it is not.（1）According to the writer, the great discoveries made by Albert Einstein were mainly a result in________. of hard work of the brain experience deep understanding of the nature（2）Some people achieve success much later in life because . work often requires much experience do not have a chance to show their talents have to learn lessons from failures fail to realize earlier the importance of hard work（3）The importance of wisdom lies in the fact that . helps to avoid various mistakes contributes to one39。s creativity encourages one to go forward in face of difficulty provides the right direction of efforts（4）The writer came to believe that . is always a waste of time to make plans about the future is human nature to make attempts on what looks impossible should always challenge the impossible to push the society forward has to use wisdom in deciding what is the best thing to do【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人類的大腦在20歲左右于巔峰，在以后的成就多數(shù)是因?yàn)樾枰S富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。除了頭腦敏銳和經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富外，智慧也非常重要，因?yàn)橹腔蹫槿藗兲峁┝苏_的努力方向。人們要用智慧來決定做什么才是最好的。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段“It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest