【正文】 ken outside of city to a dump（垃圾堆）.Often the city dump is placed where the ground is low or there is a big hole. The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces and sent into the sewage （排污） system. The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets（廁所）, bathtubs and other places. To keep mice（老鼠） and flies away, some earth is used to cover the newly dumped rubbish. Later, grass may be planted on the rubbishfilled land. Finally, a house or a school may be built there, and then you39。d never know that this had once been an old rubbish dump. In other cities the rubbish is burnt in special places. The fire burns everything but the metal（金屬）. The mental can be reused and recycled. The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles（堆） where they slowly change into something called humans, which looks like black earth. It is rich with the kinds of things that feed plants and help them grow.（1）You can mostly probably read the passage in _____________. A.a science bookB.a TV guideC.a history bookD.a telephone book（2）According to the passage, the right order is _____________. ① A house or a school may be built there.② The rubbish is collected and taken to a dump.③ Grass is planted on the rubbishedfilled earth.④ The rubbish dump is covered with some earth.A.②④①③B.③①④②C.①④③②D.②④③①（3）How should we take care of a used metal box according to the passage? A.By burning it off.B.By putting it in water.C.By throwing it away.D.By reusing and recycling it.（4）The main idea of the passage is __________. A.to let us know taking away rubbish is a big jobB.to explain the need or rubbish collectionC.to introduce different ways to treat rubbishD.to tell people to take useful things out of rubbish【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）D（4）D 【解析】備注：4，答案是C 【分析】 本文是如何處理城市垃圾的科普小論文，主要講述了城市如何處理垃圾。 （1）推理題。本文是關(guān)于如何處理城市垃圾的小論文，故應(yīng)在科普書中涉及，故選A。 （2）推理題。通讀整篇短文可知，第一，二段是總體概述垃圾被收集并運(yùn)到垃圾場(chǎng)，垃圾場(chǎng)覆蓋著地面，3段講述了草種在滿是亂石的土地上， 在那里可能建房子或?qū)W校。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)圖可知選項(xiàng)D正確，故選D。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Sometimes the metal can be used again in factories where things are made of meta可知金屬類的垃圾可以回收再利用。故選D。 （4）主旨題。 通過全文后可知本篇文章主要是介紹處理垃圾的不同方式 ，故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，和主旨題3種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。16．閱讀理解 Lots of people make it as their aim to get to the top of Mount Everest. Mark is one of them. The difference between Mark and other climbers is that he lost both his legs when climbing New Zealand39。s highest mountain, Mount Cook. He was caught in a big ice hole and he had to have his legs cut below the knees after he was saved. But that couldn39。t make him lose heart, who has bee the first person with manmade legs to reach the top of Mount Everest. From the top of the world39。s highest mountain, Mark called his wife to say he made it. His wife, Anne got the phone when she was sleeping. She couldn39。t hear him clearly on the phone. She was unable to say when he reached the top but thought it was around midday. She also said his legs didn39。t work well sometimes, so her husband was carrying a spare leg and repair tools. Mark used to be a mountain guide before his accident. He said it was not important that no one like him had ever reached the 8,850meter mountain. I39。m not doing this to be the first. I have been climbing most of my life and I just feel Mount Everest is really a great aim. I want to send a message that I can do anything better. （1）What was the difference between Mark and other climbers? A.He went mountainclimbing with his wife.B.He climbed mountains with manmade legs.C.He was the first to climb Mount Everest.D.He was the best guide of the world.（2）Which of the following is the correct order in Mark39。s story? a. Losing both of his legs. b. Working as a mountain guide. c. Falling into an ice hole on Mount Cook. d. Reaching the top of Mount Everest. A.cabdB.cadbC.bcadD.bacd（3）Mark39。s story makes us believe that he is a man. A.politeB.braveC.kindD.clever（4）Mark told us that he cared much about . A.being the firstB.climbing higherC.keeping healthyD.being a guide【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】短文大意： 本文講述了登山愛好者M(jìn)ark在截肢后仍然攀登高峰Mount Everest的感人故事。 （1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) The difference between Mark and other climbers is that he lost both his legs when climbing New Zealand39。s highest mountain, Mount Cook.馬克和其他攀登者的不同在于在攀登新西蘭最高的山庫克山時(shí)失去了雙腿。 But that couldn39。t make him lose heart, who has bee the first person with manmade legs to reach the top of Mount Everest. 但是這不能使他失去信心，他成為使用假肢到達(dá)喜馬拉雅山的第一人?？芍蛣e人的不同之處在于他用假肢爬山。故選B。 （2）順序排列題。故事發(fā)展的順序：馬克過去在出事前是一名登山向?qū)А：髞硭推渌实钦吲实切挛魈m最高的山庫克山時(shí)他掉落在一個(gè)大冰洞，在他被救之后他膝蓋以下不得不被鋸掉?？芍髞硭チ穗p腿。然后他并沒有失去信息，成為第一個(gè)用假肢到達(dá)喜馬拉雅山的人。故選C。 （3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知馬克在失去雙腿的情況下還能爬上喜馬拉雅山，可知他是很勇敢的。故選B。 （4）推理判斷題。根據(jù) I39。m not doing this to be the first. I have been climbing most of my life and I just feel Mount Everest is really a great a